| INK COMPOSITIONS |
油墨组合物 |
| 要 |
要 |
| The present disclosure is drawn to an ink composition including an aqueous liquid vehicle, from 2 wt % to 7 wt % self-dispersed pigment dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle, and from 0.5 wt % to 5 wt % acidic polymeric binder particles having an acid number from 30 to 200 and a particle size from 1 nm to 100 nm dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle. |
本公开涉及一种油墨组合物，其包含水性液体载色体，分散在水性液体载色体中的2%重量至7%重量的自分散颜料，和分散在水性液体载色体中的0.5%重量至5%重量的酸值为30至200且粒度为1nm至500nm的酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒。 |
| The ink composition can also include from 0.1 wt % to 0.75 wt % monovalent salt solubilized in the aqueous liquid vehicle. |
油墨组合物还可以包括0.1wt%-0.75wt%溶解在含水液体载色剂中的单价盐。 |
| The self-dispersed pigment to monovalent salt weight ratio in the ink composition can be from 3:1 to 50:1, for example. |
油墨组合物中自分散颜料与一价盐的重量比可以为例如3：1-50：1。 |
| 权利要求书 |
权利要求书 |
| 0001 . |
0001 . |
| 1 |
1 |
| An ink composition, comprising: an aqueous liquid vehicle; |
一种油墨组合物，包含：水性液体载色剂； |
| from 2 wt % to 7 wt % self-dispersed pigment dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle; |
2wt%至7wt%的分散在所述水性液体载剂中的自分散颜料； |
| from 0.5 wt % to 5 wt % acidic polymeric binder particles having an acid number from 30 to 200 and a particle size from 1 nm to 100 nm dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle; |
%重量至5%重量的分散在所述水性液体媒介物中的酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒，所述酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒具有30至200的酸值和1nm至500nm的粒度； |
| andfrom 0.1 wt % to 0.75 wt % monovalent salt solubilized in the aqueous liquid vehicle,wherein the self-dispersed pigment to monovalent salt weight ratio in the ink composition is from 3:1 to 50:1. |
和0.1wt%-0.75wt%溶解在含水液体载色剂中的一价盐，其中自分散颜料与一价盐在油墨组合物中的重量比为3：1-50：1。 |
| 0002 . |
0002 . |
| 2 |
2 |
| The ink composition of claim 1, wherein the self-dispersed pigment to monovalent salt weight ratio in the ink composition is from 4:1 to 15:1. |
权利要求1的油墨组合物，其中所述自分散颜料与一价盐在油墨组合物中的重量比为4：1-15：1。 |
| 0003 . |
0003 . |
| 3 |
3 |
| The ink composition of claim 1, wherein the self-dispersed pigment is an ionized carbon black pigment that is dispersed by surface charged acidic polar groups, wherein the ionized carbon black pigment is not further sterically stabilized by a covalently attached polymer or oligomer. |
权利要求1的油墨组合物，其中所述自分散颜料是通过表面带电酸性极性基团分散的离子化炭黑颜料，其中所述离子化炭黑颜料不被共价连接的聚合物或低聚物进一步空间稳定。 |
| 0004 . |
0004 . |
| 4 |
4 |
| The ink composition of claim 1, wherein the monovalent salt is an inorganic monovalent salt having a molecular weight from 40 g/mol to 130 g/mol. |
如权利要求1所述的油墨组合物，其特征在于，所述一价盐是分子量为40-130克/摩尔的无机一价盐。 |
| 0005 . |
0005 . |
| 5 |
5 |
| The ink composition of claim 1, wherein the monovalent salt is present in the ink composition at from 0.25 wt % to 0.6 wt %. |
如权利要求1所述的油墨组合物，其特征在于，所述油墨组合物中一价盐的含量为0.25-0.6%重量。 |
| 0006 . |
0006 . |
| 6 |
6 |
| The ink composition of claim 1, wherein the acidic polymeric binder particles comprise a polyurethane polymer, an acrylate polymer, a urethane polymer, or a combination thereof. |
权利要求1的油墨组合物，其中酸性聚合物粘结剂颗粒包括聚氨酯聚合物，丙烯酸酯聚合物，氨基甲酸酯聚合物或其组合。 |
| 0007 . |
0007 . |
| 7 |
7 |
| The ink composition of claim 1, wherein the monovalent salt is not a lithium salt, and wherein the ink composition further comprises lithium. |
如权利要求1所述的油墨组合物，其特征在于，所述一价盐不是锂盐，所述油墨组合物还包含锂。 |
| 0008 . |
0008 . |
| 8 |
8 |
| The ink composition of claim 1, wherein the ink composition has a zeta potential from −30 mV to −5 mV. |
权利要求1的油墨组合物，其中所述油墨组合物具有−30mV至−5mV的ζ电势。 |
| 0009 . |
0009 . |
| 9 |
9 |
| The ink composition of claim 1, wherein the ink composition has a zeta potential from −25 mV to −10 mV. |
如权利要求1所述的油墨组合物，其特征在于，所述油墨组合物的ζ电势为−25mV至−10mV。 |
| 0010 . |
0010 . |
| 10 |
10 |
| A method of printing, comprising inkjetting an ink composition from a fluid container through an inkjet printing orifice onto a surface of a porous media substrate, wherein the ink composition comprises from 2 wt % to 7 wt % self-dispersed pigment dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle, |
一种印刷方法，所述方法包括将油墨组合物从流体容器通过喷墨印刷孔喷墨到多孔介质基底的表面上，其中所述油墨组合物包含2%重量至7%重量分散在所述含水液体载剂中的自分散颜料， |
| from 0.5 wt % to 5 wt % acidic polymeric binder particles having an acid number from 30 to 200 and a particle size from 1 nm to 100 nm dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle, and from 0.1 wt % to 0.75 wt % monovalent salt solubilized in the aqueous liquid vehicle. |
0.5wt%-5wt%分散在含水液体载体中的酸值为30-200和粒度为1nm-100nm的酸性聚合物粘结剂颗粒，和0.1wt%-0.75wt%溶解在含水液体载体中的一价盐。 |
| 0011 . |
0011 . |
| 11 |
11 |
| The method of claim 10, wherein the porous media substrate is an uncoated cellulose-based fibrous paper having a calcium chloride content of less than 2,500 μg/g of paper. |
权利要求10的方法，其中所述多孔介质基底是氯化钙含量小于2,500μg/g 纸的未涂布的纤维素基纤维纸。 |
| 0012 . |
0012 . |
| 12 |
12 |
| The method of claim 10, further comprising crashing and binding the self-dispersed pigment at the surface of the porous media substrate, wherein the self-dispersed pigment is charge stabilized while in the fluid container, and when the ink composition is printed on the porous media substrate, |
如权利要求10所述的方法，还包括将所述自分散颜料粉碎并粘结在所述多孔介质基底的表面上，其中当所述自分散颜料在所述流体容器中时，并且当所述油墨组合物被印刷在所述多孔介质基底上时，所述自分散颜料是电荷稳定的， |
| the aqueous liquid vehicle is absorbed in the porous media substrate thus increasing the ionic strength of the monovalent salt around the self-dispersed pigment and causing the self-dispersed pigment to crash at the surface of the porous media substrate without contact with a separate crashing agent. |
水性液体载剂被吸收在多孔介质基底中，从而增加自分散颜料周围的单价盐的离子强度，并使自分散颜料在多孔介质基底的表面处碰撞而不与单独的碰撞剂接触。 |
| 0013 . |
0013 . |
| 13 |
13 |
| The method of claim 10, wherein the self-dispersed pigment is an ionized carbon black pigment that is dispersed by surface charged acidic polar groups, wherein the ionized carbon black pigment is not further sterically stabilized by a covalently attached polymer or oligomer. |
如权利要求10的方法，其中自分散颜料是通过表面带电酸性极性基团分散的离子化炭黑颜料，其中离子化炭黑颜料不进一步通过共价连接的聚合物或低聚物空间稳定化。 |
| 0014 . |
0014 . |
| 14 |
14 |
| The method of claim 10, wherein the monovalent salt is an inorganic monovalent salt having a molecular weight from 40 g/mol to 130 g/mol and is present in the ink composition at from 0.25 wt % to 0.6 wt %. |
如权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述一价盐是无机一价盐，其分子量为40-130克/摩尔，在油墨组合物中的含量为0.25wt-0.6wt%重量。 |
| 0015 . |
0015 . |
| 15 |
15 |
| The method of claim 10, wherein the ink composition has a zeta potential from −30 mV to −5 mV. |
权利要求10的方法，其中所述油墨组合物具有−30mV至−5mV的ζ电势。 |
| 说明书 |
说明书 |
| BACKGROUND |
背景技术 |
| [0001] |
[0001] |
| Pigments can be dispersed or suspended in a liquid vehicle to be utilized in inks. |
颜料可以分散或悬浮在用于油墨的液体载体中。 |
| A variety of pigments can be difficult to disperse and stabilize in water-based vehicles due to the nature of the surface of pigments and the self-assembling behavior of pigments. |
由于颜料表面的性质和颜料的自组装行为，各种颜料可能难以分散和稳定在水基载体中。 |
| One way to facilitate color pigment dispersion and sustained suspension in a liquid vehicle is to adding a dispersant, such as a polymer, to the liquid vehicle. |
促进颜料在液体载体中分散和持续悬浮的一种方法是向液体载体中加入分散剂，例如聚合物。 |
| Another way to stabilize pigment is to covalently attach a small molecule, oligomer, or polymer to a surface of the pigment to form a self-dispersed pigment. |
稳定颜料的另一种方法是将小分子，低聚物或聚合物共价连接到颜料表面以形成自分散颜料。 |
| Regardless of the technique of dispersion, the attached or unattached dispersant can stabilize the pigment in the liquid. |
无论分散技术如何，附着的或未附着的分散剂可以稳定液体中的颜料。 |
| Pigments that are otherwise stable in liquid vehicles can often penetrate print media, resulting in low color saturation or black optical density. |
否则在液体载体中稳定的颜料通常会渗透印刷介质，导致低的色饱和度或黑色光密度。 |
| Thus, enhancing color saturation or black optical density of ink compositions containing pigments would be a desirable property to achieve generally. |
因此，提高含有颜料的油墨组合物的色饱和度或黑色光密度通常是所需的性能。 |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS |
附图说明 |
| [0002] |
[0002] |
| Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the detailed description which follows, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, together illustrating, by way of example, features of the present technology. |
从以下结合附图的详细描述中，本发明的其它特征和优点将变得显而易见，附图以示例的方式一起示出了本技术的特征。 |
| It should be understood that the figures are representative of examples of the present disclosure and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the disclosure. |
应当理解，附图是本公开的示例的代表，并且不应当被认为限制本公开的范围。 |
| [0003] |
[0003] |
| FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of an example method of printing in accordance with the present disclosure; |
图1是根据本公开的打印的示例方法的流程图； |
| [0004] |
[0004] |
| FIG. 2 is a graph diagram showing black optical density (KOD) of various ink compositions printed on a first type of porous media in accordance with the present disclosure; |
图2是显示印刷在根据本公开的第一类型的多孔介质上的各种油墨组合物的黑色光密度（KOD ）的图； |
| [0005] |
[0005] |
| FIG. 3 is a graph diagram showing black optical density (KOD) of various ink compositions printed on a second type of porous media in accordance with the present disclosure; |
图3是显示印刷在根据本公开的第二类型的多孔介质上的各种油墨组合物的黑色光密度（KOD ）的图； |
| and |
和 |
| [0006] |
[0006] |
| FIG. 4 is a graph diagram showing ink composition zeta potential of various ink compositions prepared in accordance with the present disclosure. |
图4是显示根据本公开制备的各种油墨组合物的油墨组合物ζ电势的图。 |
| DETAILED DESCRIPTION |
具体实施方式 |
| [0007] |
[0007] |
| The present disclosure is drawn to ink compositions and methods of printing. |
本发明涉及油墨组合物和印刷方法。 |
| In accordance with the present disclosure, ink compositions with self-dispersed pigments can be printed on porous media with enhanced color saturation or black optical density. |
根据本公开，具有自分散颜料的油墨组合物可以印刷在具有增强的色饱和度或黑色光密度的多孔介质上。 |
| In many ink composition systems, color saturation or black optical density on porous media which do not included a special coating or treatment can be difficult to achieve because pigments that tend to be very stable in ink compositions (such as self-dispersed pigments) often penetrate the untreated porous media surface, thereby reducing the color saturation or black optical density. |
在许多油墨组合物体系中，在不包括特殊涂层或处理的多孔介质上的色饱和度或黑色光密度可能难以实现，因为在油墨组合物中倾向于非常稳定的颜料（例如自分散颜料）通常渗透未处理的多孔介质表面，从而降低色饱和度或黑色光密度。 |
| By adding a small amount of monovalent salt to the ink compositions, some destabilization can be introduced into the ink composition, which can improved color saturation or black optical density. |
通过向油墨组合物中添加少量的单价盐，可以向油墨组合物中引入一些不稳定，这可以改善颜色饱和度或黑色光密度。 |
| [0008] |
[0008] |
| To understand pigment stability, two principal mechanisms of stabilization for self-dispersed pigments can be considered, namely steric stabilization (which can be introduced by surface-attached polymers and/or oligomers) and electrostatic stabilization (which is more related to the surface charge of the pigment). |
为了理解颜料稳定性，可以考虑自分散颜料稳定化的两种主要机理，即空间稳定化（其可以通过表面连接的聚合物和/或低聚物引入）和静电稳定化（其更与颜料的表面电荷相关）。 |
| In the present disclosure, electrostatic stabilization can be particularly relevant to tuning the color saturation or black optical density, or more particularly, increase the color saturation or black optical density of pigment(s) when printed on plain paper or other porous media. |
在本公开中，静电稳定化可与调节颜色饱和度或黑色光密度特别相关，或更特别地，当印刷在普通纸或其它多孔介质上时增加颜料的颜色饱和度或黑色光密度。 |
| Electrostatic stabilization occurs when the outer surface of the pigments becomes essentially equally charged (or charged at least enough to remain suspended) in the suspension fluid. |
当颜料的外表面变得基本上等电荷（或电荷至少足以保持悬浮）在悬浮流体中时，发生静电稳定。 |
| The equal or near charge on the outer surface of individual pigments can result in a Coulomb-repulsion that prevents individual self-dispersed pigments from clumping together. |
各个颜料外表面上的相等或接近的电荷可导致库仑排斥，这防止各个自分散颜料聚集在一起。 |
| The ink compositions and methods described herein provide for control of electrostatic stabilization of ink compositions by manipulating or adding a concentration of monovalent salt, thereby allowing for the enhancement of color saturation or black optical density of the ink compositions when printed on porous print media, even untreated porous media. |
本文所述的油墨组合物和方法通过控制或加入一定浓度的一价盐来控制油墨组合物的静电稳定，从而当印刷在多孔印刷介质，甚至未处理的多孔介质上时，可以提高油墨组合物的色饱和度或黑色光密度。 |
| In accordance with this, the addition of monovalent salt to a self-dispersed pigmented ink can attenuate electrostatic stabilization to some degree. |
据此，向自分散颜料墨水中加入单价盐可以在一定程度上减弱静电稳定性。 |
| By controlling the concentration of monovalent salt, e.g., adding just enough to keep the dispersed pigment electrostatically stable without adding too much to cause the pigment to crash, high color saturation or black optical density, even on porous media such as plain paper, can be achieved. |
通过控制一价盐的浓度，例如，添加刚好足以保持分散的颜料静电稳定而不会添加太多以致引起颜料崩溃的量，可以实现高的色饱和度或黑色光密度，甚至在多孔介质如普通纸上。 |
| [0009] |
[0009] |
| Furthermore, by adding polymeric binder particles which include acidic polar groups, the color saturation or black optical density can be essentially retained (or in some cases even improved), while adding improved print durability. |
此外，通过添加包括酸性极性基团的聚合物粘合剂颗粒，可基本上保持（或在一些情况下甚至改进）色彩饱和度或黑色光密度，同时增加改进的印刷耐久性。 |
| Surprisingly, these same types of acidic polymeric binder particles are shown herein to fairly significantly reduce black optical density in particular when added to self-dispersed pigment ink compositions (without added monovalent salt in accordance with the present disclosure). |
令人惊讶地，这些相同类型的酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒在本文中显示出相当显着地降低黑色光密度，特别是当添加到自分散颜料油墨组合物中时（没有添加根据本公开的单价盐）。 |
| However, when the monovalent salt is added to the ink composition along with the acidic polymeric binder particles described herein (which can include surface acid polar groups), surprisingly, the acidic polymeric binder particles do not significantly impact the black optical density gains (or color saturation gains) that are otherwise enhanced by the addition of the small concentration of monovalent salt. |
然而，当将一价盐与本文所述的酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒（其可包括表面酸性极性基团）一起加入到油墨组合物中时，令人惊奇地，酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒不显著影响黑色光密度增益（或颜色饱和度增益），否则通过加入低浓度的一价盐增强黑色光密度增益。 |
| [0010] |
[0010] |
| In one example, the present disclosure is drawn to an ink composition which can include an aqueous liquid vehicle, from 2 wt % to 7 wt % self-dispersed pigment dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle, and from 0.5 wt % to 5 wt % acidic polymeric binder particles having an acid number from 30 to 200 and a particle size from 1 nm to 100 nm also dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle. |
在一个实例中，本公开涉及一种油墨组合物，其可以包括水性液体载色剂，2wt%-7wt%分散在水性液体载色剂中的自分散颜料，和0.5wt%-5wt%也分散在水性液体载色剂中的酸值为30-200和粒度为1nm-500nm的酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒。 |
| The ink composition can also include from 0.1 wt % to 0.75 wt % monovalent salt solubilized in the aqueous liquid vehicle. |
油墨组合物还可以包括0.1wt%-0.75wt%溶解在含水液体载色剂中的单价盐。 |
| The self-dispersed pigment to monovalent salt weight ratio in the ink composition can be from 3:1 to 50:1. |
油墨组合物中自分散颜料与一价盐的重量比可以为3：1-50：1。 |
| In one specific example, the self-dispersed pigment to monovalent salt weight ratio in the ink composition can be from 4:1 to 15:1. |
在一个具体实例中，油墨组合物中自分散颜料与一价盐的重量比可以为4：1至15：1。 |
| In another example, the self-dispersed pigment can be an ionized carbon black pigment that is dispersed by surface charged acidic polar groups, and the ionized carbon black pigment in this example may not be further sterically stabilized by a covalently attached polymer or oligomer. |
在另一个实例中，自分散颜料可以是通过表面带电酸性极性基团分散的离子化炭黑颜料，并且该实例中的离子化炭黑颜料可以不通过共价连接的聚合物或低聚物进一步空间稳定。 |
| Thus, the pigment is dispersed by charge stabilization and not significantly (if at all) by steric stabilization. |
因此，颜料通过电荷稳定化而分散，而通过空间稳定化不显著（如果有的话）分散。 |
| Though any monovalent salt can be used, within these low concentrations, monovalent salts that are inorganic and have a molecular weight from 40 g/mol to 130 g/mol are particularly useful because of their ionic strength at these lower concentrations. |
尽管可以使用任何一价盐，但在这些低浓度内，无机的且分子量为40g/mol-1000g/mol 的一价盐是特别有用的，因为它们在这些较低浓度下的离子强度。 |
| In one specific example, the monovalent salt can be present in the ink composition at from 0.25 wt % to 0.6 wt %. |
在一个具体实例中，一价盐可以0.25%重量至0.6%重量存在于油墨组合物中。 |
| In another example, the acidic polymeric binder particles can be, for example a polyurethane polymer, an acrylate polymer, a urethane polymer, or a combination thereof. |
在另一个实例中，酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒可以是例如聚氨酯聚合物，丙烯酸酯聚合物，氨基甲酸酯聚合物或其组合。 |
| Furthermore, the ink composition can also include lithium, introduced by any lithium source. |
此外，油墨组合物还可以包括由任何锂源引入的锂。 |
| Thus, in this example, the monovalent salt does not include lithium and the lithium can be included as a separate ingredient. |
因此，在该实施例中，一价盐不包括锂，并且锂可以作为单独的成分被包括。 |
| The increase in color saturation or black optical density can also be related, in some instances, to the zeta potential of the ink. |
在某些情况下，色饱和度或黑色光密度的增加也与油墨的ζ电势有关。 |
| In one example, the zeta potential of the ink composition can be from −30 mV to −5 mV, and in another example, the zeta potential can be from −25 mV to −10 mV. |
在一个实例中，油墨组合物的ζ电势可以为−30mV至−5mV，在另一个实例中，ζ电势可以为−25mV至−10mV。 |
| [0011] |
[0011] |
| In another example, a method of printing can include inkjetting an ink composition from a fluid container through an inkjet printing orifice onto a surface of a porous media substrate. |
在另一个实例中，印刷方法可包括将油墨组合物从流体容器通过喷墨印刷孔喷墨到多孔介质基底的表面上。 |
| The ink composition can include from 2 wt % to 7 wt % self-dispersed pigment dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle, from 0.5 wt % to 5 wt % acidic polymeric binder particles having an acid number from 30 to 200 and a particle size from 1 nm to 100 nm dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle, and from 0.1 wt % to 0.75 wt % monovalent salt solubilized in the aqueous liquid vehicle. |
油墨组合物可以包括2wt%-7wt%分散在含水液体载色剂中的自分散颜料，0.5wt%-5wt%分散在含水液体载色剂中的酸值为30-200和粒度为1nm-100nm的酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒，和0.1wt%-0.75wt%溶解在含水液体载色剂中的单价盐。 |
| In one example, the porous media substrate can be an uncoated cellulose-based fibrous paper having a calcium chloride content of less than 2,500 μg/g of paper. |
在一个实例中，多孔介质基底可以是氯化钙含量小于2，500μg/g 纸的未涂布的纤维素基纤维纸。 |
| In another example, the method can further include binding the self-dispersed pigment to the porous media substrate with the acidic polymeric binder particles. |
在另一个实例中，该方法可以进一步包括用酸性聚合物粘结剂颗粒将自分散颜料粘结到多孔介质基底上。 |
| In another specific example, the method can further include crashing the self-dispersed pigment at the surface of the porous media substrate. |
在另一个具体实例中，该方法可以进一步包括在多孔介质基底的表面粉碎自分散颜料。 |
| In this example, the self-dispersed pigment can be charge stabilized while in the fluid container, and when the ink composition is printed on the porous media substrate, the aqueous liquid vehicle can be absorbed in the porous media substrate, thus increasing the ionic strength of the monovalent salt around the self-dispersed pigment. |
在该实施例中，自分散颜料在流体容器中时可以是电荷稳定的，并且当油墨组合物印刷在多孔介质基底上时，含水液体载剂可以被吸收在多孔介质基底中，因此增加了自分散颜料周围的单价盐的离子强度。 |
| This can cause the self-dispersed pigment to crash at the surface of porous media substrate without contact with a separate crashing agent. |
这可导致自分散颜料在多孔介质基底的表面处碰撞而不与单独的碰撞剂接触。 |
| The self-dispersed pigment can be an ionized carbon black pigment that is dispersed by surface charged acidic polar groups such that the ionized carbon black pigment is not further sterically stabilized by a covalently attached polymer or oligomer. |
自分散颜料可以是通过表面带电酸性极性基团分散的离子化炭黑颜料，使得离子化炭黑颜料不被共价连接的聚合物或低聚物进一步空间稳定。 |
| The monovalent salt can be an inorganic monovalent salt having a molecular weight from 40 g/mol to 130 g/mol and can be present in the ink composition at from 0.25 wt % to 0.6 wt %. |
一价盐可以是分子量为40g/mol-200g/mol 的无机一价盐，并且可以以0.25wt%-0.6wt%存在于油墨组合物中。 |
| The ink composition can have a zeta potential from −30 mV to −5 mV. |
油墨组合物可以具有−30mV至−5mV的ζ电势。 |
| [0012] |
[0012] |
| In each of these examples, there can be four components that may be used in the present methodology, or which can be formulated together to generate ink compositions with improved color saturation/optical density and durability. |
在这些实施例的每一个中，可以有四种组分可用于本方法中，或者可以一起配制以产生具有改进的色饱和度/光密度和耐久性的油墨组合物。 |
| These four ingredients can include, namely, the pigment, the dispersant attached to or modified onto the pigment surface, the acidic polymeric binder particles, and the monovalent salt. |
这四种成分可以包括，即颜料，附着到或改性到颜料表面上的分散剂，酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒和单价盐。 |
| The ionic strength (measured as molar concentration) of the monovalent salt that provides improved saturation or optical density can depend on the pigment, attached dispersant, and/or acidic polymeric binder particles selected for use. |
提供改善的饱和度或光密度的一价盐的离子强度（以摩尔浓度测量）可以取决于所选择使用的颜料，附着的分散剂和/或酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒。 |
| A “crash point” of the pigment can be determined experimentally by trial and error, or can be determined using colloidal vibrational current techniques. |
颜料的“碰撞点”可以通过试验和误差来确定，或者可以使用胶体振动电流技术来确定。 |
| Zeta potential data can also be used to estimate the crash point and to formulate ink compositions where the pigment remains stable in the ink composition, but where the pigment is near its crash point, e.g., typically when the zeta potential is approaching zero (0). |
ζ电势数据也可用于估计崩溃点和配制油墨组合物，其中颜料在油墨组合物中保持稳定，但其中颜料接近其崩溃点，例如通常当ζ电势接近零（0）时。 |
| Thus, a pigment crash point is not universal, but crash points can be readily determined as described herein, followed by formulating ink compositions, in one example, that include an ionic strength of monovalent salt that approaches the crash point for a particular self-dispersed pigment in a particular ink composition, but does not exceed the crash point. |
因此，颜料崩溃点不是通用的，但是崩溃点可以如本文所述容易地确定，然后在一个实例中配制油墨组合物，所述油墨组合物包括接近特定油墨组合物中特定自分散颜料的崩溃点但不超过崩溃点的一价盐的离子强度。 |
| Both the monovalent salt concentration and the acidic polymeric binder particles, since they can both be ionic, can contribute to raising the zeta potential in the ink composition, so both can be added carefully so as to not cause the pigment to crash while part of a bulk dispersion, e.g., in an ink container. |
一价盐浓度和酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒，由于它们都可以是离子性的，都可以有助于提高油墨组合物中的ζ电势，因此可以小心地加入它们，以便在例如油墨容器中的本体分散液的一部分不引起颜料崩溃。 |
| When the ink composition is printed on porous media, crashing may occur, and in many cases, crashing on the porous media after printing can lead to the improved color saturation or black optical density as described herein. |
当将油墨组合物印刷在多孔介质上时，可能发生碎裂，并且在许多情况下，印刷后在多孔介质上的碎裂可导致本文所述的改善的色饱和度或黑色光密度。 |
| Furthermore, even though the acidic polymeric binder particles include acid polar groups that contribute to less negative zeta potential (increasing from negative values to approaching zero), the addition of acidic polymeric binder particles alone actually tended to reduce color saturation or black optical density. |
此外，即使酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒包含有助于降低负ζ电势（从负值增加至接近零）的酸性极性基团，单独添加酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒实际上倾向于降低颜色饱和度或黑色光密度。 |
| On the other hand, when the both monovalent salt and the acidic polymeric binder particles are added together, color saturation or black optical density can be generally improved (over polymer alone) and in some instances, color saturation or black optical density enhancements that favorably compare to monovalent salt additions (alone) can be achieved. |
另一方面，当将一价盐和酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒一起加入时，通常可以改善色饱和度或黑色光密度（相对于单独的聚合物），并且在一些情况下，可以实现与一价盐加入（单独）相比有利的色饱和度或黑色光密度增强。 |
| In other words, there appears to be some synergy occurring between the monovalent salt and the acidic polymeric binder particles that provide enhanced saturation/optical density, and furthermore, the acidic polymeric binder particles can enhance print durability at the same time. |
换句话说，在提供增强的饱和/光密度的一价盐和酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒之间似乎存在一些协同作用，此外，酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒可以同时增强印刷耐久性。 |
| [0013] |
[0013] |
| In further detail regarding pigment crashing, pigments tend to crash when the stabilization forces, e.g., steric stabilization and/or electrostatic stabilization, particularly the electrostatic forces provided by surface-attached small molecule, oligomer or polymer, do not provide enough stabilization to keep the pigments separated in space enough to prevent adjacent pigments from crashing in on themselves. |
在关于颜料破碎的进一步细节中，当稳定力，例如空间稳定和/或静电稳定，特别是由表面附着的小分子，低聚物或聚合物提供的静电力没有提供足够的稳定以保持颜料在足够的空间中分离以防止相邻颜料自身破碎时，颜料倾向于破碎。 |
| Thus, in the context of the present disclosure, “crash point” can be defined where a molar concentration (ionic strength) of a monovalent salt is just high enough that electrostatic stabilization provided by the attached dispersant is unable to prevent the pigment from crashing while present in a bulk dispersion, e.g., in an ink container. |
因此，在本公开的上下文中，“崩溃点”可以定义为其中单价盐的摩尔浓度（离子强度）刚好足够高，使得由附着的分散剂提供的静电稳定化不能防止颜料在存在于本体分散液（例如，在墨水容器中）中时崩溃。 |
| In other words, the crash point represents the molar concentration of the monovalent salt demarking the line between self-dispersed pigment stability and the self-dispersed pigment beginning to crash. |
换句话说，崩溃点表示区分自分散颜料稳定性和自分散颜料开始崩溃之间的线的一价盐的摩尔浓度。 |
| Furthermore, in the context of the present ink compositions and related methods, the acidic polymeric binder particles can also contribute pigment destabilization. |
此外，在本发明的油墨组合物和相关方法的上下文中，酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒还有助于颜料的去稳定。 |
| Thus, in one example, the crash point of a pigment in an ink composition can be determined experimentally, e.g., trial and error, by pigment colloidal vibrational current (CVI) techniques, or by considering the zeta potential of the ink composition. |
因此，在一个实例中，通过颜料胶体振动电流（CVI ）技术或通过考虑油墨组合物的ζ电势，可以实验性地（例如反复试验）测定油墨组合物中颜料的崩溃点。 |
| Ink compositions that are negative, but which are approaching zero (0) may be stable as a bulk dispersion, but if close enough to 0, may crash when printed on porous media. |
为负性但接近零（0）的油墨组合物可以作为整体分散液稳定，但如果足够接近0，当印刷在多孔介质上时可能崩溃。 |
| Example zeta potentials for some ink compositions that meet this criteria include ink compositions having a zeta potential from −30 to −5 or from −25 to −10. |
满足该标准的一些油墨组合物的ζ电势的实例包括ζ电势为−30至−5或−25至−10的油墨组合物。 |
| The use of zeta potential provides a measurement that takes into account the ink composition formulation as a whole, including both the monovalent salt and the acidic polymeric binder particles. |
ζ电势的使用提供了将油墨组合物制剂作为整体考虑在内的测量，包括单价盐和酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒。 |
| [0014] |
[0014] |
| In accordance with this, by adding a monovalent salt at a concentration in an ink that brings the ionic strength (measured as the molar concentration of the added salt) just below the crash point, and taking into account the charge introduced by the acidic polymeric binder particles, when the ink composition is printed on a porous medium, such as plain paper, in one example, the aqueous liquid vehicle can absorb into the fibrous paper, |
据此，通过在油墨中加入一定浓度的一价盐，该浓度使得离子强度（作为加入的盐的摩尔浓度测量）刚好低于碰撞点，并且考虑到由酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒引入的电荷，当油墨组合物印刷在多孔介质如普通纸上时，在一个实例中，含水液体载色剂可以吸收到纤维纸中， |
| thus increasing the molar concentration or ionic strength of the monovalent salt at the surface of the media. |
因此增加了介质表面单价盐的摩尔浓度或离子强度。 |
| Because the ionic strength of the monovalent salt in combination ionic character of the acidic polymeric binder particles brings the pigment close to the crash point in the ink reservoir (prior to printing), once just a small portion of the aqueous liquid vehicle absorbs into the plain paper media, the pigment may crash at the surface of the paper. |
因为单价盐的离子强度与酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒的离子特性的结合使得颜料接近油墨储存器中的崩溃点（在印刷之前），所以一旦仅仅一小部分含水液体载剂吸收到普通纸介质中，颜料可能在纸的表面上崩溃。 |
| Thus, much of the self-dispersed pigment remains at the surface of the porous media when it crashes, and the color saturation or black optical density can be increased (compared to when no monovalent salt is added). |
因此，当它破碎时，许多自分散颜料保留在多孔介质的表面上，并且可以增加色饱和度或黑色光密度（与没有加入单价盐时相比）。 |
| [0015] |
[0015] |
| With specific reference to the pigment, the pigment is not particularly limited. |
具体参考颜料，颜料没有特别限制。 |
| The particular pigment used can depend on the colorists desires in creating the composition. |
使用的具体颜料可取决于着色师在制备组合物中的期望。 |
| Colored pigments can be measured for color saturation, and black pigments can be measured for optical density. |
可以测量有色颜料的色饱和度，可以测量黑色颜料的光密度。 |
| Both can be referred to herein as “pigment colorants” or “colorants” or “pigments.” Pigment colorants can include black, cyan, magenta, yellow, black, red, blue, orange, green, pink, etc., pigments. |
两者在本文中都可称为“颜料着色剂”或“着色剂”或“颜料”。颜料着色剂可包括黑色，青色，品红色，黄色，黑色，红色，蓝色，橙色，绿色，粉红色等颜料。 |
| Regardless, in accordance with the present disclosure, the pigment can be a self-dispersed pigment having a surface modified with a small molecule, oligomer, or polymer. |
无论如何，根据本公开，颜料可以是具有用小分子，低聚物或聚合物改性的表面的自分散颜料。 |
| The small molecule, oligomer, or polymer attached to the surface can act to disperse pigments in an aqueous liquid vehicle with need to add additional dispersing polymers. |
连接到表面上的小分子，低聚物或聚合物用于将颜料分散在含水液体载体中，需要加入另外的分散聚合物。 |
| Examples of surface modification groups can include benzene-sulfonic acids, carboxylic acids, phosphonic acids, etc. When attaching a polymer or an oligomer, some suitable acid monomers used to prepare the dispersant (for attachment) can include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, etc. |
表面改性基团的实例可包括苯磺酸，羧酸，膦酸等，当连接聚合物或低聚物时，用于制备分散剂（用于连接）的一些合适的酸单体可包括丙烯酸，甲基丙烯酸，羧酸，磺酸，膦酸等。 |
| More generally, the dispersant used to attach to the pigment can vary based on the pigment; |
更一般地，用于连接到颜料的分散剂可以基于颜料而变化； |
| however, the attached dispersant typically include acid groups. |
然而，附着的分散剂通常包括酸基团。 |
| [0016] |
[0016] |
| In further detail regarding surface modification of black pigments (and certain color pigments) with small molecules including acidic polar groups, these groups can be added to the surface through oxidation, for example, either during the preparation of the pigment per se, or through post manufacturing treatment. |
关于用包括酸性极性基团的小分子对黑色颜料（和某些彩色颜料）进行表面改性的进一步细节，这些基团可以通过氧化，例如在颜料本身的制备过程中或通过后制造处理加入到表面。 |
| In further detail, by way of specific example, a pigment can be surface treated using light, ultra-violet radiation, or ozone treatment processes. |
更详细地，作为具体实例，可以使用光，紫外辐射或臭氧处理方法对颜料进行表面处理。 |
| In one example, the surface treatment can be carried out by exposing the black pigment to both light and ozone, resulting in small molecules being generated at the surface of the pigment. |
在一个实例中，表面处理可以通过将黑色颜料暴露于光和臭氧下进行，导致在颜料表面产生小分子。 |
| The surface treatment, regardless of the treatment method, can result in a pigment with an ionized surface, which can also be referred to generally as an “ionized pigment,” or in the specific case of carbon black, as an “ionized carbon black pigment.” Ionized pigments are one specific type of self-dispersed pigment which include small molecule ionic groups on the surface making them charged stabilized, but which do not typically include polymers or oligomers that would otherwise provide further steric stabilization. |
无论处理方法如何，表面处理都可以产生具有离子化表面的颜料，其通常也可以被称为“离子化颜料”，或者在炭黑的特定情况下，被称为“离子化炭黑颜料”。离子化颜料是一种特定类型的自分散颜料，其在表面上包括小分子离子基团，使得它们带电稳定，但是其通常不包括否则将提供进一步空间稳定的聚合物或低聚物。 |
| That being stated, pigments that are sterically stabilized by attached polymers and/or oligomers can also be charge stabilized as well. |
如上所述，通过连接的聚合物和/或低聚物空间稳定的颜料也可以是电荷稳定的。 |
| [0017] |
[0017] |
| With specific reference to the black pigment as an example, the ink composition can include a self-dispersed carbon black pigment. |
具体参考黑色颜料作为实例，油墨组合物可包括自分散炭黑颜料。 |
| Essentially, carbon black pigments, such as lamp black, furnace black, or gas black type carbon black pigments can be surface modified to be dispersive in water. |
基本上，炭黑颜料，例如灯黑，炉黑或气黑型炭黑颜料可以被表面改性以分散在水中。 |
| For example, by reacting a carbon black pigment surface with either a small molecule, or an oligomeric or polymeric material that is water soluble or dispersive in nature (e.g., p-aminobenzoic acid, acrylic based oligomers, polymers made of monomers such as acrylic or methacrylic acid and esters thereof, polyurethane oligomers or polymers, etc.), the carbon black pigment can be made to be self-dispersing. |
例如，通过使炭黑颜料表面与小分子或水溶性或分散性质的低聚或聚合材料（例如，对氨基苯甲酸，丙烯酸基低聚物，由单体如丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸及其酯制成的聚合物，聚氨酯低聚物或聚合物等）反应，可以使炭黑颜料自分散。 |
| Thus, in one example, the surface can be modified to include small acid polar surface groups, and in another example, polymers and/or oligomers can be attached to the surface. |
因此，在一个实例中，表面可以被改性以包括小的酸性极性表面基团，并且在另一个实例中，聚合物和/或低聚物可以连接到表面。 |
| Surface modification with small molecules, e.g., modify with acid polar group, can provide charge stabilization to the pigment. |
用小分子进行表面改性，例如用酸极性基团改性，可以为颜料提供电荷稳定性。 |
| On the other hand, attaching polymers and/or oligomers can provide both steric stabilization and charge stabilization. |
另一方面，连接聚合物和/或低聚物可以提供空间稳定性和电荷稳定性。 |
| Because of the steric stabilization provided by polymers and/or oligomers in particular (in addition to the charge stabilization), adding monovalent salts to partially destabilize the pigment in the bulk dispersion state and to generate crashing upon printing may be less predictable. |
由于特别是由聚合物和/或低聚物提供的空间（steric ）稳定作用（除了电荷稳定作用之外），加入一价盐以使处于本体分散状态的颜料部分去稳定并在印刷时产生破碎可能是不可预测的。 |
| Furthermore, steric stabilization may, to some extent, counteract some of the gains in optical density that can otherwise be achieved by the addition of the monovalent salt. |
此外，空间稳定可以在一定程度上抵消通过加入单价盐可以获得的光密度的一些增加。 |
| On the other hand, pigments modified with small acidic polar groups are primarily stabilized by charge stabilization, and steric stabilization is not a factor. |
另一方面，用小酸性极性基团改性的颜料主要通过电荷稳定化来稳定，而空间稳定化不是一个因素。 |
| Thus, a strong correlation between the added monovalent salt and the self-dispersed pigment may be more readily ascertainable on an ink by ink basis. |
因此，加入的一价盐和自分散颜料之间的强相关性可以更容易地在逐油墨的基础上确定。 |
| That being stated, either type of self-dispersed pigment can be used, even though there may be some advantages to using self-dispersed pigments that are not sterically stabilized. |
如上所述，可以使用任何类型的自分散颜料，即使使用没有空间稳定的自分散颜料可能有一些优点。 |
| [0018] |
[0018] |
| Some suitable self-dispersed pigments, including ionized pigments and polymer/oligomer dispersed pigments are commercially available from E.I. |
一些合适的自分散颜料，包括离子化颜料和聚合物/低聚物分散颜料可商购自E.I 。 |
| du Pont de Nemours and Co. (Wilmington, Del.), Sensient Technologies Corporation (Milwaukee, Wis.), and Cabot Corporation (Boston, Mass.). |
du Pont de Nemours andCo.（Wilmington ，Del.），SensientTechnologiesCorporation （Milwaukee ，Wis.）和CabotCorporation （Boston ，Mass.）。 |
| In further detail, some organic pigments include, for example, azo pigments including diazo pigments and monoazo pigments, polycyclic pigments (e.g., phthalocyanine pigments such as phthalocyanine blues and phthalocyanine greens, perylene pigments, perynone pigments, anthraquinone pigments, quinacridone pigments, dioxazine pigments, thioindigo pigments, isoindolinone pigments, pyranthrone pigments, and quinophthalone pigments), nitropigments, nitroso pigments, anthanthrone pigments such as PR168, and the like. |
更详细地，一些有机颜料包括例如偶氮颜料，包括重氮颜料和单偶氮颜料，多环颜料（例如酞菁颜料如酞菁蓝和酞菁绿，颜料，perynone 颜料，蒽醌颜料，喹吖啶酮颜料，二嗪颜料，硫靛颜料，异吲哚啉酮颜料，皮蒽酮颜料和喹酞酮颜料），硝基颜料，亚硝基颜料，蒽酮颜料如PR168等。 |
| Representative examples of phthalocyanine blues and greens include copper phthalocyanine blue, copper phthalocyanine green and derivatives thereof. |
酞菁蓝和酞菁绿的代表性实例包括铜酞菁蓝，铜酞菁绿及其衍生物。 |
| These pigments can be modified to include a small molecule, oligomer, or polymer to form the self-dispersed pigments described herein. |
这些颜料可被改性以包括小分子，低聚物或聚合物以形成本文所述的自分散颜料。 |
| Examples of self-dispersed pigments can include: Cab-O-jet® 300K, Cab-O-jet® 400K, Cab-O-jet® 250C, Cab-O-jet® 2603C, Cab-O-jet® 450C, Cab-O-jet® 2604M, Cab-O-jet® 260M, Cab-O-jet® 4565M, Cab-O-jet® 460M, Cab-O-jet® 465M, Cab-O-jet® 470M, Cab-O-jet® 2605Y, Cab-O-jet® 470Y, Cab-O-jet® 270Y, or mixtures thereof. |
自分散颜料的实例可以包括：Cab-O-喷射®300K，Cab-O-喷射®400K，Cab-O-喷射®250C，Cab-O-喷射®2603C，Cab-O-喷射®450C，Cab-O-喷射®2604M，Cab-O-喷射®260M，Cab-O-喷射®4565M，Cab-O-喷射®460M，Cab-O-喷射®465M，Cab-O-喷射 |
| Cab-O-jet pigments are available from Cabot Corporation. |
Cab-O-Jet 颜料可得自CabotCorporation 。 |
| [0019] |
[0019] |
| The self-dispersed pigment can be present in the ink composition at various concentrations. |
自分散颜料可以各种浓度存在于油墨组合物中。 |
| In one example, the carbon black pigment can be present from 2 wt % to about 7 wt %. |
在一个实例中，炭黑颜料可以2%重量至约7%重量存在。 |
| In another example, the self-dispersed pigment can be present at from about 2 wt % to about 6 wt %. |
在另一个实例中，自分散颜料可以约2%重量至约6%重量存在。 |
| In another example, the self-dispersed pigment can be present at from about 2 wt % to about 5 wt %. |
在另一个实例中，自分散颜料可以约2%重量至约5%重量存在。 |
| In another example, the self-dispersed pigment can be present at from about 3 wt % to about 6 wt %. |
在另一个实例中，自分散颜料可以约3%重量至约6%重量存在。 |
| In another example, the self-dispersed pigment can be present at from about 3 wt % to about 5 wt %. |
在另一个实例中，自分散颜料可以约3%重量至约5%重量存在。 |
| In yet another example, the self-dispersed pigment can be present from about 4 wt % to about 5 wt %. |
在又一个实例中，自分散颜料可以约4%重量至约5%重量存在。 |
| [0020] |
[0020] |
| If desired, two or more self-dispersed pigments can be combined to create novel color compositions. |
如果需要，可以将两种或多种自分散颜料组合以产生新的颜色组合物。 |
| In one example, a self-dispersed pigment combination can form a red ink by combining a magenta pigment and a yellow self-dispersed pigment, e.g. 50-60 wt % magenta self-dispersed pigment and 40-50 wt % yellow pigment. |
在一个实例中，自分散颜料组合可以通过将品红色颜料和黄色自分散颜料，例如50-60wt%品红色自分散颜料和40-50wt%黄色颜料组合而形成红色油墨。 |
| In another example, the self-dispersed pigment combination can form a green ink by combining a yellow self-dispersed pigment and a cyan self-dispersed pigment, e.g., 65-75 wt % yellow self-dispersed pigment and 25-35 wt % cyan self-dispersed pigment. |
在另一个实例中，自分散颜料组合可以通过将黄色自分散颜料和青色自分散颜料（例如65-75wt%的黄色自分散颜料和25-35wt%的青色自分散颜料）组合而形成绿色油墨。 |
| In yet another example, the self-dispersed pigment combination can form a blue ink by combining cyan self-dispersed pigment and magenta self-dispersed pigment, e.g., 85-95 wt % cyan self-dispersed pigment and 5-15 wt % magenta self-dispersed pigment. |
在又一个实例中，自分散颜料组合可通过将青色自分散颜料和品红色自分散颜料，例如85-95wt%青色自分散颜料和5-15wt%品红色自分散颜料组合而形成蓝色油墨。 |
| [0021] |
[0021] |
| The self-dispersed pigments of the present disclosure can be from nanometers to a micron in size, e.g., 20 nm to 1 μm. |
本公开的自分散颜料的尺寸可以为纳米至微米，例如20nm至1μm 。 |
| In one example, the pigment can be from about 50 nm to about 500 nm in size. |
在一个实例中，颜料的尺寸可以为约50nm至约500nm。 |
| In another example, the pigment can be from about 50 nm to about 200 nm in size. |
在另一个实例中，颜料的尺寸可以为约50nm至约500nm。 |
| In another example, the pigment can be from about 75 nm to about 300 nm in size. |
在另一个实例中，颜料的尺寸可以为约75nm至约150nm。 |
| Pigment sizes outside this range can be used if the pigment can remain dispersed and provide adequate printing properties. |
如果颜料可以保持分散并提供足够的印刷性能，则可以使用该范围之外的颜料尺寸。 |
| [0022] |
[0022] |
| Turning now to the monovalent salt, any of a number of salts, including monovalent alkali metal salts, monovalent non-metallic salts, or combinations thereof, can be used. |
现在转向单价盐，可使用许多盐中的任一种，包括单价碱金属盐，单价非金属盐或其组合。 |
| Examples of monovalent non-metallic salts can include monovalent quaternary ammonium salts [NR+4], where R is an alkyl group or an aryl group, organic salts, e.g., NH4F, NH4Cl, NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4, and/or (NH4)3PO4. |
单价非金属盐的实例可以包括单价季铵盐[NR +4]，其中R 是烷基或芳基，有机盐，例如NH4F，NH4Cl，NH4NO3，（NH4）2SO4和/或（NH4）3PO4。 |
| Examples of monovalent alkali metal salts that can be used include LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, LiCI, KCl, NaCl, CsCl, RbCl, LiBr, CsBr, RbBr, KBr, NaBr, NH4Br, Lit, NaI, KI, RbI, CsI, NaNO3, KNO3, LiNO3, RbNO3, CsNO3, KNO3, Li2SO4, Na2SO4, K2SO4, Cs2SO4, Rb2SO4, Li3PO4, Na3PO4, K3PO4, Rb3PO4, Cs3PO4, Li3PO4, monosodium citrate, disodium citrate, trisodium citrate, potassium citrate, rubidium citrate, cesium citrate, lithium citrate, sodium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate, lithium ascorbate, lithium acetate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, cesium acetate, rubidium acetate, |
可使用的一价碱金属盐的实例包括LiF ，NaF ，KF ，RbF ，CsF ，LiCl ，KCl ，NaCl ，CsCl ，RbCl ，LiBr ，CsBr ，RbBr ，KBr ，NaBr ，NH4Br，LiT ，NaI ，KI ，RbI ，CsI ，NaNO3，KNO3，LiNO3，RbNO3，CsNO3，KNO3，Li2SO4，Na2SO4，K2SO4，Cs2SO4，Rb2SO4，Li3PO4，Na3PO4， |
| monosodium glutamate, and/or potassium glutamate. |
谷氨酸一钠和/或谷氨酸钾。 |
| Essentially, any salt that includes a monovalent alkali metal cation or a monovalent non-metallic cation (ionically associated at one or more location to an anion) can be used. |
基本上，可以使用包括单价碱金属阳离子或单价非金属阳离子（在一个或多个位置与阴离子离子缔合）的任何盐。 |
| [0023] |
[0023] |
| Using only weight percentages to establish the monovalent salt concentration, in some cases, may not provide a detailed or specific enough range or concentration for each and every one of these monovalent salts that may be used. |
在一些情况下，仅使用重量百分比来确定单价盐的浓度可能无法为可使用的这些单价盐中的每一种提供详细或特定的足够范围或浓度。 |
| However, to establish generalized ranges, the salt can typically be present in the ink at from 0.1 wt % to 0.75 wt %, from 0.2 wt % to 0.6 wt %, from 0.25 wt % to 0.6 wt %, from 0.3 wt % to 0.5 wt %, or from 0.3 wt % to 0.4 wt %. |
然而，为了建立广义范围，盐通常可以0.1wt%至0.75wt%，0.2wt%至0.6wt%，0.25wt%至0.6wt%，0.3wt%至0.5wt%或0.3wt%至0.4wt%存在于油墨中。 |
| These monovalent salt concentration ranges can take into account the added ionic charge introduced by the inclusion of the acidic polymeric binder particles described herein. |
这些单价盐浓度范围可以考虑通过包含本文所述的酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒而引入的添加的离子电荷。 |
| These weight ranges are provided primarily for guidance and to emphasize that the range of salt used is typically low, but above at least a minimum threshold of 0.1 wt % to generate improved color saturation or black optical density. |
提供这些重量范围主要用于指导和强调所使用的盐的范围通常较低，但至少高于0.1wt%的最小阈值，以产生改善的色饱和度或黑色光密度。 |
| When combining specific self-dispersed pigments and specific monovalent salts, ionic strength based on molar concentration can be further used to provide more specific range information where color saturation may be improved further. |
当组合特定的自分散颜料和特定的单价盐时，基于摩尔浓度的离子强度可以进一步用于提供更特定的范围信息，其中颜色饱和度可以进一步改善。 |
| For example, the molar concentration of the monovalent salt can be from 30 % to 95 % of the crash point, or from 50 % to 90 % of the crash point, or from 60 % to 85 % of the crash point. |
例如，一价盐的摩尔浓度可以是崩溃点的30%至95%，或崩溃点的50%至90%，或崩溃点的60%至85%。 |
| As mentioned previously, the “crash point” can be defined by a molar concentration of the monovalent salt where its ionic strength in the ink is just high enough that electrostatic stabilization provided by the attached dispersant is not strong enough to prevent the pigment from crashing. |
如前所述，“崩溃点”可以通过一价盐的摩尔浓度来定义，其中一价盐在油墨中的离子强度正好足够高，使得由附着的分散剂提供的静电稳定作用不够强以防止颜料崩溃。 |
| In accordance with this, depending on the self-dispersed pigment, monovalent salt, and acidic polymeric binder particles selected, the crash point of the pigment may be at a molar concentration of monovalent salt from 0.01 M to 0.15 M. |
据此，取决于所选择的自分散颜料，一价盐和酸性聚合物粘结剂颗粒，颜料的崩溃点可以是一价盐的摩尔浓度为0.01M-0.15M 。 |
| In other more specific examples, for yellow pigment, the crash point may be at a molar concentration of monovalent salt of 0.01 M to 0.05 M or from 0.02 M to 0.04 M; |
在其它更具体的实例中，对于黄色颜料，崩溃点可以为0.01M 至0.05M 或0.02M 至0.04M 的一价盐的摩尔浓度； |
| for magenta ink, the crash point may be at a molar concentration of monovalent salt of 0.01 to 0.05 M or from 0.02 M to 0.04 M; |
对于品红色油墨，崩溃点可以为0.01-0.05M 或0.02-0.04M 的一价盐摩尔浓度； |
| for cyan ink, the crash point may be at a molar concentration of monovalent salt of 0.03 M to 0.1 M, or from 0.05 M to 0.08 M; |
对于青色油墨，崩溃点可以为0.03M 至0.1M ，或0.05M 至0.08M 的一价盐的摩尔浓度； |
| and/or for black ink, the clash point may be at a molar concentration of monovalent salt of 0.01 to 1 M, for example. |
和/或对于黑色油墨，所述碰撞点可以是例如一价盐的摩尔浓度为0.01至1M。 |
| Ink compositions with mixtures of pigments used for other colors, e.g., Red, Blue, Green, Purple, Pink, Orange, etc., can be adjusted so that neither pigment reaches its crash point in one example. |
在一个实例中，可以调节具有用于其它颜色（例如红色，蓝色，绿色，紫色，粉红色，橙色等）的颜料混合物的油墨组合物，使得颜料均未达到其碰撞点。 |
| [0024] |
[0024] |
| One reason ionic strength can be used to ascertain a crash point rather than weight percentage has to do with the varying molecular weights of the monovalent salts that can be used. |
一个原因是离子强度可用于确定碰撞点而不是重量百分比必须与可使用的单价盐的不同分子量有关。 |
| That being stated, a weight range from about 0.1 wt % to about 0.75 wt % for the monovalent salt concentration in the ink may be suitably broad enough to cover various self-dispersed pigment and monovalent salt concentrations that may be practical for use. |
如上所述，油墨中单价盐浓度的约0.1wt%-约0.75wt%的重量范围可以适当地宽到足以覆盖各种实际使用的自分散颜料和单价盐浓度。 |
| This can be particularly the case when the monovalent salt has a low molecular weight, e.g., from 40 g/mol to 130 g/mol, and because the acidic polymeric binder particles are included in the ink composition as described herein. |
当单价盐具有低分子量，例如40g/mol-200g/mol ，并且因为酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒包含在本文所述的油墨组合物中时，情况尤其如此。 |
| These lower weight monovalent salts can typically be inorganic salts of lithium, sodium, or potassium with chloride, bromide, or nitrate counterions, e.g., LiCl, LiBr, LiNO3, NaCl, NaBr, NaNO3, KCl, KBr, and/or KNO3. |
这些较低重量的一价盐通常可以是锂，钠或钾与氯化物，溴化物或硝酸盐抗衡离子的无机盐，例如LiCl ，LiBr ，LiNO3，NaCl ，NaBr ，NaNO3，KCl ，KBr 和/或KNO3。 |
| Some alkali metal carbonates or alkali metal sulfites can also be used that fall within this lower molecular weight range. |
也可以使用落入该较低分子量范围内的一些碱金属碳酸盐或碱金属亚硫酸盐。 |
| [0025] |
[0025] |
| In further detail, it is noted that weight percentage ranges for the monovalent salt, e.g., 0.1 wt % to 0.75 wt %, from 0.2 wt % to 0.6 wt %, from 0.25 wt % to 0.6 wt %, from 0.3 wt % to 0.5 wt %, from 0.3 wt % to 0.4, wt % etc., and ionic strength ranges, e.g., 0.01 M to 0.15 M, 0.01 M to 0.05 M, 0.02 M to 0.1 M, etc., |
更详细地，注意到单价盐的重量百分比范围，例如0.1wt%-0.75wt%，0.2wt%-0.6wt%，0.25wt%-0.6wt%，0.3wt%-0.5wt%，0.3wt%-0.4wt%等，和离子强度范围，例如0.01M-0.15M ，0.01M-0.05M ，0.02M-0.1M 等， |
| can be combined together in any combination to provide a monovalent salt concentration profile that is desired for an ink composition to enhance color saturation or optical density. |
可以以任何组合方式组合在一起，以提供油墨组合物所需的单价盐浓度分布，从而提高色饱和度或光密度。 |
| Again, when designing such an ink composition, the ionic strength of the monovalent salt may also be less than the crash point of the specific pigment/monovalent salt selected for use in the ink composition, e.g., from 30 % to 95 %, 50 % to 90 %, 60 % to 85 %, etc., of the ionic strength of the pigment crash point. |
此外，当设计这样的油墨组合物时，一价盐的离子强度也可以小于选择用于油墨组合物的特定颜料/一价盐的崩溃点，例如颜料崩溃点的离子强度的30%-95%，50%-90%，60%-85%等。 |
| Furthermore, pigment concentration ranges, e.g., 2 wt % to 7 wt %, 2 wt % to 6 wt %, 3 wt % to 5 wt %, etc., and/or pigment to monovalent salt ratio, e.g., 3:1 to 50:1, 4:1 to 45:1, 3:1 to 35:1, 4:1 to 20:1, 4:1 to 15:1, 5:1 to 15:1, etc., |
此外，颜料浓度范围，例如2wt%-7wt%，2wt%-6wt%，3wt%-5wt%等，和/或颜料与一价盐的比例，例如3：1-50：1，4：1-45：1，3：1-35：1，4：1-20：1，4：1-15：1，5：1-15：1等， |
| can also be combined together with any of the monovalent salt weight percentage ranges and/or the ionic strength ranges (in any combination) to provide an ink profile that improves color saturation or optical density. |
还可以与任何单价盐重量百分比范围和/或离子强度范围（以任何组合）组合在一起，以提供改善颜色饱和度或光密度的墨水分布。 |
| [0026] |
[0026] |
| In still further detail, acidic polymeric binder particles, e.g., acid number from 30 to 200, can also contribute to the stability of the self-dispersed pigment. |
更详细地，酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒，例如30-200的酸值也可有助于自分散颜料的稳定性。 |
| Thus, a complete ink composition having a zeta potential of −30 mV to −5 mV, or from −25 mV to −10 mV, can be prepared that provides enough stability to the self-dispersed pigment to keep it from crashing in the bulk dispersion, and may allow it to crash when printed on porous media as the aqueous liquid vehicle is absorbed therein. |
因此，可以制备ζ电势为−30mV至−5mV，或−25mV至−10mV的完整油墨组合物，其对自分散颜料提供足够的稳定性，以防止其在本体分散液中破碎，并且当印刷在多孔介质上时，随着水性液体载剂被吸收在其中，可以允许其破碎。 |
| For example, in ink compositions containing self-dispersed pigments and acidic polymeric binder particles as described herein, as monovalent salt content is increased, the zeta potential becomes less negative. |
例如，在含有本文所述的自分散颜料和酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒的油墨组合物中，当单价盐含量增加时，ζ电势变得负性更小。 |
| As the zeta potential approaches zero (0) and the ink becomes more neutral, the pigment may begin to crash. |
当ζ电势接近零（0）并且油墨变得更中性时，颜料可能开始崩溃。 |
| Some pigments may crash at about 0, and others may begin to crash at about −10 mV, or −5 mV, for example. |
例如，一些颜料可在约0°C下崩溃，而其它颜料可在约−10mV或−5mV下开始崩溃。 |
| Thus, the entire system can be considered when formulating an ink composition in accordance with the present disclosure. |
因此，当配制根据本公开的油墨组合物时，可以考虑整个体系。 |
| [0027] |
[0027] |
| Turning now to the acidic polymeric binder particles, as mentioned, these particles can have an acid number from 30 to 200, indicating that there are acid groups present on the particles. |
现在转到酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒，如上所述，这些颗粒可以具有30-200的酸值，表明在颗粒上存在酸基。 |
| Some specific suitable examples of acidic polymeric binder particles include polyurethane binders, acrylate binders, and/or the like. |
酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒的一些具体的合适实例包括聚氨酯粘合剂，丙烯酸酯粘合剂等。 |
| For example, a polyurethane binder can be used that has an acid number ranging from 30 to 90, and a weight average molecular weight ranging from 2,000 Mw to 200,000 Mw. |
例如，可以使用酸值为30-90，重均分子量为2，000Mw-200，000Mw的聚氨酯粘合剂。 |
| In another example, the polyurethane binder has an acid number of 40 to 80 and a weight average molecular weight from 10,000 Mw to 50,000 Mw. |
在另一个实例中，聚氨酯粘合剂具有40至80的酸值和10，000Mw至50，000Mw的重均分子量。 |
| In a specific example, the acid number can be about 55 and the weight average molecular weight can be about 18,000 Mw. |
在一个具体实例中，酸值可以为约55，重均分子量可以为约18，000Mw。 |
| In one example, in addition to water, the organic co-solvent used to disperse the polyurethane and amount of co-solvent used may depend, at least in part, upon concerns related to preparation of a subsequently formulated ink composition. |
在一个实例中，除了水之外，用于分散聚氨酯的有机助溶剂和所用助溶剂的量可至少部分取决于与随后配制的油墨组合物的制备有关的考虑。 |
| As an example, the co-solvent may be selected in order to aid in dispersing the polyurethane binder throughout the ink composition. |
作为实例，可以选择共溶剂以帮助将聚氨酯粘合剂分散在整个油墨组合物中。 |
| As another example, the amount of polyurethane binder used may have a deleterious effect on the decap performance in an ink composition, and thus, co-solvent(s) may be selected to counteract this deleterious effect. |
作为另一个实例，所使用的聚氨酯粘合剂的量可能对油墨组合物中的开盖性能具有有害影响，因此，可以选择助溶剂以抵消该有害影响。 |
| In other examples, these co-solvent can be added later in an ink composition liquid vehicle. |
在其它实例中，这些共溶剂可稍后加入油墨组合物液体载色剂中。 |
| In one example, when preparing a polyurethane dispersion, two co-solvents may be used, such as di-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidinone, or any two other co-solvents that may provide desirable properties that are also effective for dispersing/preparing the polyurethane. |
在一个实例中，当制备聚氨酯分散液时，可以使用两种共溶剂，例如二-（2-羟乙基）-5，5-二甲基乙内酰脲和1-（2-羟乙基）-2-吡咯烷酮，或可以提供对于分散/制备聚氨酯也有效的所需性能的任何两种其它共溶剂。 |
| [0028] |
[0028] |
| Examples of suitable polyurethanes include an aromatic polyether polyurethane, an aliphatic polyether polyurethane, an aromatic polyester polyurethane, an aliphatic polyester polyurethane, an aromatic polycaprolactam polyurethane, an aliphatic polycaprolactam polyurethane, a vinyl-urethane hybrid polymer, an acrylic-urethane hybrid polymer, a copolymer thereof, and a combination thereof. |
合适的聚氨酯的实例包括芳族聚醚聚氨酯，脂族聚醚聚氨酯，芳族聚酯聚氨酯，脂族聚酯聚氨酯，芳族聚己内酰胺聚氨酯，脂族聚己内酰胺聚氨酯，乙烯基-氨基甲酸酯杂化聚合物，丙烯酸类-氨基甲酸酯杂化聚合物，其共聚物及其组合。 |
| Thus, the acidic polymeric binder particle may also be an acrylate type polymer, such as a styrene acrylate polymer, a urethane acrylate polymer, etc. |
因此，酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒也可以是丙烯酸酯型聚合物，例如苯乙烯丙烯酸酯聚合物，聚氨酯丙烯酸酯聚合物等。 |
| Without limitation, suitable acrylate polymers can include polymers having a molecular weight ranging from 2,000 Mw to 200,000 Mw, an acid number of from 30 to 180, for example. |
非限制性地，合适的丙烯酸酯聚合物可包括例如分子量为2，000Mw-200，000Mw，酸值为30-180的聚合物。 |
| Some examples of suitable monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, esters of both acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, etc. |
合适单体的一些实例包括丙烯酸，甲基丙烯酸，丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸的酯等。 |
| Co-solvent choice used for preparing a subsequently formulated ink composition can be considered, though the co-solvent choice may or may not differ from the choices for the polyurethane binder. |
可以考虑用于制备随后配制的油墨组合物的共溶剂选择，尽管共溶剂选择可以与聚氨酯粘合剂的选择不同或不同。 |
| [0029] |
[0029] |
| The acidic polymeric binder particles can be prepared to have any of a number of different particle morphologies, provide the acidic polymeric binder particle include acid polar groups. |
酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒可以制备成具有许多不同颗粒形态中的任何形态，只要酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒包含酸性极性基团。 |
| For example, the polymer may be a homopolymer prepared from a single monomer. |
例如，聚合物可以是由单一单体制备的同聚物。 |
| Alternatively, the acidic polymeric binder particles may be individual spherical particles containing polymer compositions of high Tg hydrophilic (hard) component(s) and/or low Tg hydrophobic (soft) component(s) that may be interdispersed according to IPN (interpenetrating networks), although it is contemplated that the high Tg hydrophilic and low Tg hydrophobic components may be inter-dispersed in other ways. |
或者，酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒可以是含有高Tg 亲水性（硬）组分和/或低Tg 疏水性（软）组分的聚合物组合物的单独的球形颗粒，其可以根据IPN （互穿网络）相互分散，尽管预期高Tg 亲水性和低Tg 疏水性组分可以以其它方式相互分散。 |
| For another example, the polymer particles may be made of a low Tg hydrophobic core surrounded by a continuous or discontinuous high Tg hydrophilic shell. |
对于另一个实例，聚合物颗粒可以由被连续或不连续的高Tg 亲水性壳包围的低Tg 疏水性核制成。 |
| For another example, the polymer particle morphology may resemble a raspberry, in which a low Tg hydrophobic core is surrounded by several smaller high Tg hydrophilic particles that are attached to the core. |
对于另一个实例，聚合物颗粒形态可以类似于覆盆子，其中低Tg 疏水性芯被附着到芯上的几个较小的高Tg 亲水性颗粒包围。 |
| For still another example, the polymer particles may include 2, 3, or 4 particles that are at least partially attached to one another. |
对于又一个实例，聚合物颗粒可以包括至少部分地彼此附着的2，3或4个颗粒。 |
| [0030] |
[0030] |
| In examples herein, high Tg hydrophilic component(s)/shell/particles and low Tg hydrophilic component(s)/core/particles may be defined in relation to each other (e.g., the high Tg hydrophilic component(s)/shell/particles have a Tg higher than the low Tg hydrophilic component(s)/core/particles, and the low Tg hydrophilic component(s)/core/particles have a Tg lower than the high Tg hydrophilic component(s)/shell/particles). |
在本文的实施例中，高Tg 亲水性组分/壳/颗粒和低Tg 亲水性组分/核/颗粒可以相对于彼此来定义（例如，高Tg 亲水性组分/壳/颗粒具有高于低Tg 亲水性组分/核/颗粒的Tg ，并且低Tg 亲水性组分/核/颗粒具有低于高Tg 亲水性组分/壳/颗粒的Tg ）。 |
| In some examples, the high Tg hydrophilic component(s)/shell/particles have a Tg higher than 25℃. |
在一些实例中，高Tg 亲水性组分/壳/颗粒具有高于25°C的Tg 。 |
| In other examples, the high Tg hydrophilic component(s)/shell/particles have a Tg higher than 45℃. |
在其它实例中，高Tg 亲水性组分/壳/颗粒具有高于45°C的Tg 。 |
| In some examples, the low Tg hydrophilic component(s)/core/particles have a Tg lower than 25℃. |
在一些实例中，低Tg 亲水性组分/芯/颗粒具有低于25°C的Tg 。 |
| In other examples, the low Tg hydrophilic component(s)/core/particles can have a Tg lower than 5℃. |
在其它实例中，低Tg 亲水性组分/芯/颗粒可具有低于5°C的Tg 。 |
| In one example, with some of the acidic polymeric binder particles described herein, low Tg hydrophobic component(s) can make up from about 65 % to about 100 %, by weight, of the acidic polymeric binder particles, and the high Tg hydrophilic component(s) make up from about 0.1 % to about 35 %, by weight, of the acidic polymeric binder particles. |
在一个实例中，对于本文所述的一些酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒，低Tg 疏水性组分可占酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒的约65%重量至约100%重量，高Tg 亲水性组分可占酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒的约0.1%重量至约35%重量。 |
| [0031] |
[0031] |
| Copolymers may likewise include a more hydrophobic component and a more hydrophilic component. |
共聚物同样可以包括更疏水的组分和更亲水的组分。 |
| In these examples, the hydrophilic component renders the particles dispersible in the ink vehicle, while the hydrophobic component is capable of coalescing upon solvent evaporation to bind the pigment on a recording medium. |
在这些实施例中，亲水性组分使颗粒可分散在油墨连接料中，而疏水性组分能够在溶剂蒸发时聚结，以将颜料结合在记录介质上。 |
| Examples of low Tg monomers that may be used to form a hydrophobic component of a copolymer include C4 to C8 alkyl acrylates or methacrylates, styrene, substituted methyl styrenes, polyol acrylates or methacrylates, vinyl monomers, vinyl esters, or the like. |
可用于形成共聚物的疏水性组分的低Tg 单体的实例包括C4-C8烷基丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯，苯乙烯，取代甲基苯乙烯，多元醇丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯，乙烯基单体，乙烯基酯等。 |
| Some specific examples include methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, hexyl acrylate, hexyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl acrylate, propyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexy methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate, octadecyl acrylate, octadecyl methacrylate, isobornyl acrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, alkoxylated tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl methacrylate, benzyl acrylate, ethoxylated nonyl phenol methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, trimethyl cyclohexyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, trydecyl methacrylate, isodecyl acrylate, dimethyl maleate, |
一些具体实例包括甲基丙烯酸甲酯，丙烯酸丁酯，甲基丙烯酸丁酯，丙烯酸己酯，甲基丙烯酸己酯，丙烯酸乙酯，甲基丙烯酸乙酯，丙烯酸丙酯，甲基丙烯酸丙酯，丙烯酸2-乙基己酯，甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯，丙烯酸羟乙酯，丙烯酸月桂酯，甲基丙烯酸月桂酯，丙烯酸十八烷基酯，甲基丙烯酸十八烷基酯，丙烯酸异冰片酯，甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯，甲基丙烯酸十八烷基酯，二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯，二甲基丙烯酸二乙二醇酯，二甲基丙烯酸三乙二醇酯，丙烯酸四氢糠酯，烷氧基化的丙烯酸四氢糠酯，甲基丙烯酸2-苯氧基乙酯，丙烯酸苄酯，乙氧基化的壬， |
| dioctyl maleate, acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate, diacetone acrylamide, pentaerythritol tri-acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra-acrylate, pentaerythritol tri-methacrylate, pentaerythritol tetra-methacrylate, divinylbenzene, styrene, methylstyrenes (e.g., α-methyl styrene, p-methyl styrene), vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinylbenzyl chloride, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, N-vinyl imidazole, N-vinylcarbazole, N-vinyl-caprolactam, combinations thereof, derivatives thereof, or mixtures thereof. |
马来酸二辛酯，甲基丙烯酸乙酰乙酰氧基乙酯，双丙酮丙烯酰胺，三丙烯酸季戊四醇酯，四丙烯酸季戊四醇酯，三甲基丙烯酸季戊四醇酯，四甲基丙烯酸季戊四醇酯，二乙烯基苯，苯乙烯，甲基苯乙烯（例如α-甲基苯乙烯，对甲基苯乙烯），氯乙烯，偏二氯乙烯，乙烯基苄基氯，丙烯腈，甲基丙烯腈，N-乙烯基咪唑，N-乙烯基咔唑，N-乙烯基己内酰胺，其组合，其衍生物或其混合物。 |
| [0032] |
[0032] |
| The copolymer can be formed of at least two of the previously listed monomers, or at least one of the previously listed monomers and a high Tg hydrophilic monomer, such as particularly an acidic monomer. |
共聚物可以由至少两种前述单体，或至少一种前述单体和高Tg 亲水性单体，例如特别是酸性单体形成。 |
| Examples of acidic monomers that can be polymerized in forming the polymer particles include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, dimethylacrylic acid, maleic anhydride, maleic acid, vinylsulfonate, cyanoacrylic acid, vinylacetic acid, allylacetic acid, ethylidineacetic acid, propylidineacetic acid, crotonoic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, sorbic acid, angelic acid, cinnamic acid, styrylacrylic acid, citraconic acid, glutaconic acid, aconitic acid, phenylacrylic acid, acryloxypropionic acid, aconitic acid, phenylacrylic acid, acryloxypropionic acid, vinylbenzoic acid, N-vinylsuccinamidic acid, mesaconic acid, methacroylalanine, acryloylhydroxyglycine, sulfoethyl methacrylic acid, |
可在形成聚合物颗粒中聚合的酸性单体的实例包括丙烯酸，甲基丙烯酸，乙基丙烯酸，二甲基丙烯酸，马来酐，马来酸，乙烯基磺酸酯，氰基丙烯酸，乙烯基乙酸，烯丙基乙酸，乙啶基乙酸，丙啶基乙酸，巴豆酸，富马酸，衣康酸，山梨酸，当归酸，肉桂酸，苯乙烯基丙烯酸，柠康酸，戊烯二酸，乌头酸，苯基丙烯酸，丙烯酰氧基丙酸，乌头酸，苯基丙烯酸，丙烯酰氧基丙酸，乙烯基苯甲酸，N-乙烯基琥珀酰胺酸，中康酸，甲基丙烯酰基丙氨酸，丙烯酰基羟基甘氨酸，磺乙基甲基丙烯酸， |
| sulfopropyl acrylic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, sulfoethylacrylic acid, 2-methacryloyloxymethane-1-sulfonic acid, 3-methacryoyloxypropane-1-sulfonic acid, 3-(vinyloxy)propane-1-sulfonic acid, ethylenesulfonic acid, vinyl sulfuric acid, 4-vinylphenyl sulfuric acid, ethylene phosphonic acid, vinyl phosphoric acid, vinyl benzoic acid, 2 acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, combinations thereof, derivatives thereof, or mixtures thereof. |
磺基丙基丙烯酸，苯乙烯磺酸，磺基乙基丙烯酸，2-甲基丙烯酰氧基甲烷-1-磺酸，3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙烷-1-磺酸，3-（乙烯基氧基）丙烷-1-磺酸，乙磺酸，乙烯基硫酸，4-乙烯基苯基硫酸，乙烯膦酸，乙烯基磷酸，乙烯基苯甲酸，2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基-1-丙磺酸，其组合，其衍生物或其混合物。 |
| Other examples of high Tg hydrophilic monomers include acrylamide, methacrylamide, monohydroxylated monomers, monoethoxylated monomers, polyhydroxylated monomers, or polyethoxylated monomers. |
高Tg 亲水性单体的其它实例包括丙烯酰胺，甲基丙烯酰胺，单羟基化单体，单乙氧基化单体，多羟基化单体或多乙氧基化单体。 |
| [0033] |
[0033] |
| Any suitable polymerization process may be used to form the polymeric binder of the present disclosure. |
可以使用任何合适的聚合方法来形成本公开的聚合物粘合剂。 |
| For example, hydrophobic-hydrophilic polymer can be formed by any of a number of techniques, such as: i) attaching a high Tg hydrophilic polymer onto the surface of a low Tg hydrophobic polymer, ii) copolymerizing low Tg hydrophobic and high Tg hydrophilic monomers using ratios that lead to a more high Tg hydrophilic outer component or shell, |
例如，疏水性-亲水性聚合物可以通过许多技术中的任一种形成，例如：i ）将高Tg 亲水性聚合物附着到低Tg 疏水性聚合物的表面上，ii ）使用导致更高Tg 亲水性外部组分或壳的比率使低Tg 疏水性和高Tg 亲水性单体共聚， |
| iii) adding high Tg hydrophilic monomer (or excess high Tg hydrophilic monomer) toward the end of the copolymerization process so there is a higher concentration of high Tg hydrophilic monomer copolymerized at or near the surface, or iv) any other method known in the art to generate a more high Tg hydrophilic outer component or shell relative to the inner component or core. |
iii ）向共聚过程结束时加入高Tg 亲水性单体（或过量的高Tg 亲水性单体），使得在表面处或表面附近共聚的高Tg 亲水性单体的浓度更高，或iv ）本领域已知的任何其它方法，以产生相对于内部组分或芯更高Tg 的亲水性外部组分或壳。 |
| These hydrophobic-hydrophilic polymer particles may be core-shell particles. |
这些疏水-亲水聚合物颗粒可以是核-壳颗粒。 |
| It is to be understood, however, that these techniques may also form polymer particles with other morphologies, as noted herein. |
然而，应当理解，这些技术也可以形成具有其它形态的聚合物颗粒，如本文所述。 |
| [0034] |
[0034] |
| In one example, regardless of the structure of the acidic polymeric binder particles, there can be acid groups at the surface of the particles which can interact with the ink composition and influence the zeta potential thereof. |
在一个实例中，不管酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒的结构如何，在颗粒的表面可以存在酸基团，其可以与油墨组合物相互作用并影响其ζ电势。 |
| [0035] |
[0035] |
| In further detail, the acidic polymeric binder particles can have an average particle size from 1 nm to 100 nm, from 2 nm to 75 nm, from 3 nm to 50 nm, from 5 nm to 50 nm, from 5 nm to 30 nm, from 10 nm to 100 nm, from 20 nm to 100 nm, or from 50 nm to 100 nm, for example. |
更详细地，酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒的平均粒度可以为例如1nm-200nm，2nm-75nm，3nm-50nm，5nm-50nm，5nm-30nm，10nm-150nm，20nm-150nm或50nm-100nm。 |
| As used herein, “average” with respect to properties of particles refers to a number average unless otherwise specified. |
如本文所用，关于颗粒性质的“平均”是指数均，除非另有说明。 |
| Accordingly, “average particle size” refers to a number average particle size. |
因此，“平均粒度”是指数均粒度。 |
| Additionally, “particle size” refers to the diameter of spherical particles or to the longest dimension of non-spherical particles. |
另外，“粒度”是指球形颗粒的直径或非球形颗粒的最长尺寸。 |
| [0036] |
[0036] |
| In addition to the ink composition ingredients described herein, other ingredients can likewise be added to the aqueous liquid vehicle. |
除了本文所述的油墨组合物成分之外，也可以将其它成分加入到含水液体载色剂中。 |
| For example, components can be added to assist with decap and/or decel performance, other aspects related to print quality, etc. |
例如，可以添加部件以辅助开盖和/或减速性能，与印刷质量相关的其它方面等。 |
| For example, decap controlling additive(s) can be included in the ink compositions of the present disclosure. |
例如，去盖控制添加剂可包括在本公开的油墨组合物中。 |
| Improving “decap” performance can include increasing the amount of time an inkjet nozzle can remain uncapped between jetting events without clogging. |
改善“开盖”性能可包括增加喷墨喷嘴在喷射事件之间保持开盖而不堵塞的时间量。 |
| Thus, certain decap controlling additive(s) can be used in forming a temporary “cap,” which has the effect of maintaining the ability of an inkjet nozzle to fire a full volume drop after periods of varying delay between firing events. |
因此，某些去盖控制添加剂可用于形成临时“盖”，其具有保持喷墨喷嘴在喷射事件之间的变化的延迟周期之后喷射全部体积液滴的能力的效果。 |
| Thus, the term “decap” refers to this property. |
因此，术语“开盖”是指这种性质。 |
| In accordance with this, certain components can cause the ink compositions described herein to form an anti-evaporative layer during uncapped, non-use, at an interface between the air and the ink composition at a print orifice of a nozzle. |
据此，某些组分可以使本文所述的油墨组合物在开盖，不使用期间在空气和油墨组合物之间的界面在喷嘴的印刷孔处形成防蒸发层。 |
| Thus, by slowing down water and other volatile solvent evaporation at this very small orifice, decap performance can be improved. |
因此，通过在该非常小的孔处减慢水和其它挥发性溶剂的蒸发，可以改善开盖性能。 |
| To illustrate, in one example, one or more C10 to C20 fatty acid(s) and/or lithium can be added to the ink compositions of the present disclosure. |
为了说明，在一个实例中，可以将一种或多种C10-C20脂肪酸和/或锂添加到本公开的油墨组合物中。 |
| [0037] |
[0037] |
| The C10 to C20 fatty acid can include a saturated fatty acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, a combination of multiple saturated fatty acids, a combination of multiple unsaturated fatty acids, or a combination of both an unsaturated and a saturated fatty acid. |
C10-C20脂肪酸可以包括饱和脂肪酸，不饱和脂肪酸，多种饱和脂肪酸的组合，多种不饱和脂肪酸的组合，或不饱和和饱和脂肪酸两者的组合。 |
| In one example, the fatty acid content (including any C10 to C20 fatty acid that may be present) can be from 0.1 wt % to 1 wt %. |
在一个实例中，脂肪酸含量（包括可能存在的任何C10至C20脂肪酸）可以为0.1wt%至1wt%。 |
| In one example, the saturated fatty acid can be present at from 0.09 to 0.9 wt % and an unsaturated fatty acid can be present at from 0.01 wt % to 0.1 wt %. |
在一个实例中，饱和脂肪酸可以0.09-0.9wt%存在，不饱和脂肪酸可以0.01wt%-0.1wt%存在。 |
| In another example, the C10 to C20 fatty acid(s) can include oleic acid, linoleic acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, or a combination thereof. |
在另一个实例中，C10-C20脂肪酸可以包括油酸，亚油酸，十一烷酸，月桂酸，十三烷酸或其组合。 |
| More specifically, the ink composition can include from 0.09 wt % to 0.9 wt % lauric acid and from 0.01 wt % to 0.1 wt % oleic acid, or alternatively, from 0.1 wt % to 0.75 wt % lauric acid and from 0.02 wt % to 0.06 wt % oleic acid. |
更具体地，油墨组合物可以包括0.09wt%-0.9wt%的月桂酸和0.01wt%-0.1wt%的油酸，或者0.1wt%-0.75wt%的月桂酸和0.02wt%-0.06wt%的油酸。 |
| [0038] |
[0038] |
| With respect to the added lithium, it is to be understood that the lithium can be present in the composition as an ion in solution, or as a lithium salt of the acid. |
关于加入的锂，应理解锂可以作为溶液中的离子或作为酸的锂盐存在于组合物中。 |
| Thus, the lithium can be added to the ink composition in the form of a salt, for example. |
因此，锂可以例如以盐的形式加入到油墨组合物中。 |
| The lithium content (elemental content) in the ink composition, regardless of the source used to introduce the lithium ion or lithium salt to the ink, can be from 0.00005 wt % to 0.5 wt %, from 0.0001 wt % to 0.3 wt %, from 0.0001 w % to 0.1 wt %, etc. |
油墨组合物中的锂含量（元素含量）可以为0.00005%重量至0.5%重量，0.0001%重量至0.3%重量，0.0001%重量至0.1%重量等，而与用于将锂离子或锂盐引入油墨的来源无关。 |
| When lithium is added as a decap controlling additive, it can be added in addition to the monovalent salt described herein. |
当锂作为解封控制添加剂加入时，其可以与本文所述的一价盐一起加入。 |
| If, on the other hand, the lithium is added as a monovalent salt at from 0.1 wt % to 0.75 wt %, the lithium salt can act as the monovalent salt in accordance with examples of the present disclosure. |
另一方面，如果锂作为一价盐以0.1%重量至0.75%重量加入，则锂盐可作为根据本公开的实例的一价盐。 |
| Examples of lithium sources that can be used include lithium chloride, lithium bromide, lithium hydroxide, lithium counterion of a self-dispersed pigment, etc. |
可使用的锂源的实例包括氯化锂，溴化锂，氢氧化锂，自分散颜料的锂抗衡离子等。 |
| In one example, the lithium and the C10 to C20 fatty acid(s) can be added together, e.g., lauric acid and oleic acid with lithium. |
在一个实例中，锂和C10-C20脂肪酸可以一起加入，例如月桂酸和油酸与锂。 |
| In this example, the lithium can complex with the fatty acid(s) in the ink composition solution at the air/ink interface to further stabilize the arrangement of the fatty acid(s). |
在该实施例中，锂可以在空气/油墨界面处与油墨组合物溶液中的脂肪酸络合，以进一步稳定脂肪酸的排列。 |
| [0039] |
[0039] |
| In order to formulate the self-dispersed pigment into an ink composition, the self-dispersed pigment may be combined with an aqueous liquid vehicle. |
为了将自分散颜料配制成油墨组合物，可将自分散颜料与含水液体载剂混合。 |
| The aqueous liquid vehicle is not particularly limited. |
含水液体载体没有特别限制。 |
| The aqueous liquid vehicle can include polymers, solvents, surfactants, antibacterial agents, UV filters, other colorant, monovalent salts (as described in greater detail hereinafter) and/or other additives. |
水性液体载剂可包括聚合物，溶剂，表面活性剂，抗菌剂，UV 滤光剂，其它着色剂，单价盐（如下文更详细描述）和/或其它添加剂。 |
| However, as part of the ink composition, the self-dispersed pigment is included. |
然而，作为油墨组合物的一部分，包括自分散颜料。 |
| In one example, along with other parameters used to determine the crash point and charge stabilization, etc., a lower self-dispersed pigment load may provide for the ability to be more flexible with other parameters, e.g., concentration of monovalent salt may be lowered with acceptable results. |
在一个实例中，与用于确定碰撞点和电荷稳定性等的其它参数一起，较低的自分散颜料负载可以提供用其它参数更灵活的能力，例如可以降低降低单价盐的浓度得到可接受的结果。 |
| Furthermore, because the monovalent salt can generally increase the color saturation or black optical density of the ink composition, in some instances, a lower concentration of the self-dispersed pigment can be used, again leaving room in the ink composition for the addition of other types of ingredients or solids. |
此外，因为单价盐通常可增加油墨组合物的色饱和度或黑色光密度，在一些情况下，可使用较低浓度的自分散颜料，再次在油墨组合物中留下空间用于添加其它类型的成分或固体。 |
| [0040] |
[0040] |
| In further detail regarding the aqueous liquid vehicle, solvent(s) of the aqueous liquid vehicle can be any solvent or combination of solvents that is compatible with the components of the self-dispersed pigment. |
关于水性液体载体的进一步细节，水性液体载体的溶剂可以是与自分散颜料的组分相容的任何溶剂或溶剂的组合。 |
| As the liquid vehicle is aqueous, water is one of the major solvents (present at more than 10 wt %, and often more than 30 wt %, or even more than 50 wt %), and usually, there is one or more organic co-solvent. |
由于液体载剂是水性的，所以水是主要溶剂之一（以大于10wt%，通常大于30wt%，或甚至大于50wt%存在），并且通常存在一种或多种有机助溶剂。 |
| In some examples, water may be present in an amount representing from about 20 wt % to about 90 wt %, or may be present in an amount representing from about 30 wt % to about 80 wt % of the total ink composition. |
在一些实例中，水可以总油墨组合物的约20%重量至约90%重量的量存在，或可以总油墨组合物的约30%重量至约80%重量的量存在。 |
| If an organic co-solvent is added to prepare the self-dispersed pigment dispersion, that co-solvent can be considered when formulating the subsequent ink composition. |
如果加入有机助溶剂以制备自分散颜料分散液，则在配制随后的油墨组合物时可以考虑该助溶剂。 |
| [0041] |
[0041] |
| Examples of suitable classes of co-solvents include polar solvents, such as alcohols, amides, esters, ketones, lactones, and ethers. |
合适类型的共溶剂的实例包括极性溶剂，例如醇，酰胺，酯，酮，内酯和醚。 |
| In additional detail, solvents that can be used can include aliphatic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, diols, glycol ethers, polyglycol ethers, caprolactams, formamides, acetamides, and long chain alcohols. |
更详细地，可以使用的溶剂可以包括脂族醇，芳族醇，二醇，二醇醚，聚乙二醇醚，己内酰胺，甲酰胺，乙酰胺和长链醇。 |
| Examples of such compounds include primary aliphatic alcohols, secondary aliphatic alcohols, 1,2-alcohols, 1,3-alcohols, 1,5-alcohols, ethylene glycol alkyl ethers, propylene glycol alkyl ethers, higher homologs (C6-C12) of polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, N-alkyl caprolactams, unsubstituted caprolactams, both substituted and unsubstituted formamides, both substituted and unsubstituted acetamides, and the like. |
这种化合物的实例包括脂族伯醇，脂族仲醇，1，2-醇，1，3-醇，1，5-醇，乙二醇烷基醚，丙二醇烷基醚，聚乙二醇烷基醚的高级同系物（C6-C12），N-烷基己内酰胺，未取代的己内酰胺，取代和未取代的甲酰胺，取代和未取代的乙酰胺等。 |
| More specific examples of organic solvents can include 2-pyrrolidone, 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propane diol (EPHD), glycerol, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, glycol ethers, alkyldiols such as 1,2-hexanediol, and/or ethoxylated glycerols such as LEG-1, etc. |
有机溶剂的更具体的实例可以包括2-吡咯烷酮，2-乙基-2-（羟甲基）-1，3-丙二醇（EPHD ），甘油，N-甲基吡咯烷酮（NMP ），二甲亚砜，环丁砜，二醇醚，烷基二醇如1，2-己二醇和/或乙氧基化甘油如LEG-1等。 |
| The co-solvent can be present in the ink composition from 5 wt % to about 75 wt % of the total ink composition. |
助溶剂可以占总油墨组合物的5wt%-约75wt%存在于油墨组合物中。 |
| In one example, the co-solvent can be present in the ink composition at about 10 wt % to about 50 wt %, or from about 15 wt % to 35 wt %. |
在一个实例中，助溶剂可以约10%重量至约50%重量，或约15%重量至35%重量存在于油墨组合物中。 |
| [0042] |
[0042] |
| The aqueous liquid vehicle can also include surfactant. |
水性液体载体还可以包括表面活性剂。 |
| In general, the surfactant can be water soluble and may include alkyl polyethylene oxides, alkyl phenyl polyethylene oxides, polyethylene oxide (PEO) block copolymers, acetylenic PEO, PEO esters, PEO amines, PEO amides, dimethicone copolyols, ethoxylated surfactants, alcohol ethoxylated surfactants, fluorosurfactants, and mixtures thereof. |
通常，表面活性剂可以是水溶性的，并且可以包括烷基聚环氧乙烷，烷基苯基聚环氧乙烷，聚环氧乙烷（PEO ）嵌段共聚物，炔属PEO ，PEO 酯，PEO 胺，PEO 酰胺，聚二甲基硅氧烷共聚醇，乙氧基化表面活性剂，醇乙氧基化表面活性剂，含氟表面活性剂，以及它们的混合物。 |
| In some examples, fluorosurfactants and alcohol ethoxylated surfactants can be used as surfactants. |
在一些实例中，含氟表面活性剂和醇乙氧基化表面活性剂可用作表面活性剂。 |
| In one example, the surfactant can be Tergitol™ TMN-6, which is available from Dow Chemical Corporation. |
在一个实例中，表面活性剂可以是TergitolTMTMN-6，其可从DowChemicalCorporation 获得。 |
| The surfactant or combinations of surfactants, if present, can be included in the ink composition at from about 0.001 wt % to about 10 wt % and, in some examples, can be present at from about 0.001 wt % to about 5 wt % of the ink compositions. |
表面活性剂或表面活性剂的组合（如果存在的话）可以占油墨组合物的约0.001%重量至约10%重量，在一些实例中，可以占油墨组合物的约0.001%重量至约5%重量。 |
| In other examples the surfactant or combinations of surfactants can be present at from about 0.01 wt % to about 3 wt % of the ink compositions. |
在其它实例中，表面活性剂或表面活性剂的组合可以以油墨组合物的约0.01wt%至约3wt%存在。 |
| [0043] |
[0043] |
| Consistent with the formulations of the present disclosure, various other additives may be employed to provide desired properties of the ink composition for specific applications. |
与本公开的配方一致，可以使用各种其它添加剂以提供用于特定应用的油墨组合物的所需性能。 |
| Examples of these additives are those added to inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms. |
这些添加剂的实例是为了抑制有害微生物生长而加入的那些。 |
| These additives may be biocides, fungicides, and other microbial agents, which are routinely used in ink formulations. |
这些添加剂可以是杀生物剂，杀真菌剂和其它微生物剂，它们通常用于油墨制剂中。 |
| Examples of suitable microbial agents include, but are not limited to, Acticide® (Thor Specialties Inc.), Nuosept™ (Nudex, Inc.), Ucarcide™ (Union carbide Corp.), Vancide® (R.T. |
合适的微生物剂的实例包括，但不限于，Acticide ®（ThorSpecialtiesInc.），NuoSeptTM （Nudex ，Inc.），UcarcideTM （UnionCarbideCorp.），Vancide ®（R.T 。 |
| Vanderbilt Co.), Proxel™ (ICI America), and combinations thereof. |
VanderbiltCo.），ProxelTM （ICIAmerica ）及其组合。 |
| Sequestering agents such as EDTA (ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid) may be included to eliminate the deleterious effects of heavy metal impurities, and buffer solutions may be used to control the pH of the ink. |
可以包括螯合剂如EDTA （乙二胺四乙酸）以消除重金属杂质的有害影响，并且可以使用缓冲溶液来控制油墨的pH 。 |
| Viscosity modifiers and buffers may also be present, as well as other additives known to those skilled in the art to modify properties of the ink as desired. |
还可以存在粘度调节剂和缓冲剂，以及本领域技术人员已知的其它添加剂，以根据需要改变油墨的性质。 |
| [0044] |
[0044] |
| The ink compositions described above are particularly suited to provide good color saturation or black optical density on porous, non-specialized print media (even uncoated paper) but can be suitable for use on any type of porous print media; |
上述油墨组合物特别适于在多孔非专用印刷介质（甚至未涂布纸）上提供良好的色饱和度或黑色光密度，但可适用于任何类型的多孔印刷介质； |
| however, in one example, the substrate can be an uncoated cellulose-based fibrous paper. |
然而，在一个实例中，基材可以是未涂布的纤维素基纤维纸。 |
| The reason these inks are particularly useful with porous plain paper is that color saturation is diminished fairly significantly as colorant and liquid vehicle becomes soaked into the fibrous paper beyond the surface. |
这些油墨对于多孔普通纸特别有用的原因是，当着色剂和液体载色剂浸透到纤维纸的表面之外时，色饱和度显着地降低。 |
| This problem is enhanced when the charge stabilization of the self-dispersed pigment is too high, e.g., the pigment is too stable to crash on the print media surface. |
当自分散颜料的电荷稳定性太高时，例如颜料太稳定而不能在印刷介质表面上碰撞时，这个问题会增强。 |
| Generally, pigment formulators tend to stabilize inks with high charges because they tend to perform well in the bulk dispersion, but as discussed herein, such high charge stabilization may not be the best choice for plain paper when trying to enhance saturation or optical density. |
通常，颜料配方设计师倾向于稳定具有高电荷的油墨，因为它们倾向于在本体分散中表现良好，但如本文所述，当试图提高饱和度或光密度时，这种高电荷稳定性可能不是普通纸的最佳选择。 |
| Adding the right, relatively low, concentration of a monovalent salt as described herein can provide higher saturation as the self-dispersed pigment crashes on the paper when liquid vehicle becomes absorbed into the paper fibers. |
当液体载体被吸收到纸纤维中时，加入适当的，相对低浓度的本文所述的一价盐可以提供更高的饱和度，因为自分散颜料在纸上碰撞。 |
| Furthermore, by including the acidic polymeric binder particles with acid polar groups thereon, durability can also be improved without significantly modifying the impact of the added monovalent salt in some examples. |
此外，在一些实例中，通过包括其上具有酸性极性基团的酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒，还可以改善耐久性而不显著改变所添加的单价盐的影响。 |
| [0045] |
[0045] |
| Suitable examples of porous media substrates that can be used include, but are not limited to include, cellulose based paper, fiber based paper, inkjet paper, nonporous media, standard office paper, swellable media, microporous media, photobase media, offset media, coated media, uncoated media, fabrics, and woven substrate. |
可使用的多孔介质基底的合适实例包括但不限于纤维素基纸，纤维基纸，喷墨纸，无孔介质，标准办公用纸，可溶胀介质，微孔介质，光基介质，胶印介质，涂布介质，未涂布介质，织物和织造基底。 |
| Though the ink compositions of the present disclosure may work on these and other types of porous media substrates, treated or coated media tend not need the assistance of the ink compositions of the present disclosure to provide high optical density or color saturation thereof. |
尽管本公开的油墨组合物可以在这些和其它类型的多孔介质基材上起作用，但是处理或涂布的介质往往不需要本公开的油墨组合物的帮助来提供其高光密度或颜色饱和度。 |
| This may be because the coating or treatment itself can contribute to the improved optical density or color saturation. |
这可能是因为涂层或处理本身可有助于改善光密度或颜色饱和度。 |
| Thus, in one example, the ink compositions of the present disclosure can be used and work surprisingly well on plain paper substrates, such as uncoated cellulose-based fibrous paper, and particularly papers having a calcium chloride content of less than 2,500 μg/g of paper. |
因此，在一个实例中，本公开的油墨组合物可以在普通纸基底（例如未涂布的纤维素基纤维纸，特别是具有小于2，500μg/g 纸的氯化钙含量的纸）上使用并且出人意料地良好地工作。 |
| Papers that may be certified as ColorLok® media, as certified by HP, Inc., tend to have a calcium chloride content that is much higher than 2,500 μg/g of paper. |
可以被认证为Colorlok ®介质（如由HP ，Inc.认证）的纸倾向于具有远高于2，500μg/g 纸的氯化钙含量。 |
| Thus, even non-ColorLok papers can work well in accordance with examples of the present disclosure. |
因此，根据本公开的实例，甚至非ColorLok 纸也可以很好地工作。 |
| [0046] |
[0046] |
| The ink compositions of the present disclosure can be related to methods of printing as well. |
本公开的油墨组合物也可涉及印刷方法。 |
| As shown in FIG. 1, a method 100 of printing can include inkjetting 110 an ink composition from a fluid container through an inkjet printing orifice onto a surface of a porous media substrate. |
如图1所示，打印方法100可包括将墨水组合物从流体容器通过喷墨打印孔喷墨110到多孔介质基底的表面上。 |
| The ink composition can include from 2 wt % to 7 wt % self-dispersed pigment dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle, from 0.5 wt % to 5 wt % acidic polymeric binder particles having an acid number from 30 to 200 and a particle size from 1 nm to 100 nm dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle, and from 0.1 wt % to 0.75 wt % monovalent salt solubilized in the aqueous liquid vehicle. |
油墨组合物可以包括2wt%-7wt%分散在含水液体载色剂中的自分散颜料，0.5wt%-5wt%分散在含水液体载色剂中的酸值为30-200和粒度为1nm-100nm的酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒，和0.1wt%-0.75wt%溶解在含水液体载色剂中的单价盐。 |
| In one example, the porous media substrate can be an uncoated cellulose-based fibrous paper having a calcium chloride content of less than 2,500 μg/g of paper. |
在一个实例中，多孔介质基底可以是氯化钙含量小于2，500μg/g 纸的未涂布的纤维素基纤维纸。 |
| In another example, the method can further include binding the self-dispersed pigment to the porous media substrate with the acidic polymeric binder particles. |
在另一个实例中，该方法可以进一步包括用酸性聚合物粘结剂颗粒将自分散颜料粘结到多孔介质基底上。 |
| In another specific example, the method can further include crashing the self-dispersed pigment at the surface of the porous media substrate. |
在另一个具体实例中，该方法可以进一步包括在多孔介质基底的表面粉碎自分散颜料。 |
| In this example, the self-dispersed pigment can be charge stabilized while in the fluid container, and when the ink composition is printed on the porous media substrate, the aqueous liquid vehicle can be absorbed in the porous media substrate, thus increasing the ionic strength of the monovalent salt around the self-dispersed pigment. |
在该实施例中，自分散颜料在流体容器中时可以是电荷稳定的，并且当油墨组合物印刷在多孔介质基底上时，含水液体载剂可以被吸收在多孔介质基底中，因此增加了自分散颜料周围的单价盐的离子强度。 |
| This can cause the self-dispersed pigment to crash at the surface of porous media substrate without contact with a separate crashing agent. |
这可导致自分散颜料在多孔介质基底的表面处碰撞而不与单独的碰撞剂接触。 |
| The self-dispersed pigment can be an ionized carbon black pigment that is dispersed by surface charged acidic polar groups such that the ionized carbon black pigment is not further sterically stabilized by a covalently attached polymer or oligomer. |
自分散颜料可以是通过表面带电酸性极性基团分散的离子化炭黑颜料，使得离子化炭黑颜料不被共价连接的聚合物或低聚物进一步空间稳定。 |
| The monovalent salt can be an inorganic monovalent salt having a molecular weight from 40 g/mol to 130 g/mol and can be present in the ink composition at from 0.25 wt % to 0.6 wt %. |
一价盐可以是分子量为40g/mol-200g/mol 的无机一价盐，并且可以以0.25wt%-0.6wt%存在于油墨组合物中。 |
| The ink composition can have a zeta potential from −30 mV to −5 mV. |
油墨组合物可以具有−30mV至−5mV的ζ电势。 |
| [0047] |
[0047] |
| It is noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. |
应注意，如本说明书和所附权利要求中所使用的，单数形式“一”，“一个”和“该”包括复数指示物，除非内容另外明确指出。 |
| [0048] |
[0048] |
| As used herein “aqueous liquid vehicle” or “liquid vehicle” refers to a water-containing liquid medium in which the self-dispersed pigment, and monovalent salt are admixed in to form an ink composition. |
如本文所用，“水性液体载色体”或“液体载色体”是指其中混入自分散颜料和单价盐以形成油墨组合物的含水液体介质。 |
| In addition to water, the aqueous liquid vehicle can include several components including but not limited to organic co-solvents, surfactants, biocides, UN filters, preservatives, and other additives. |
除了水之外，含水液体载体可以包括几种组分，包括但不限于有机共溶剂，表面活性剂，杀生物剂，UN 过滤器，防腐剂和其它添加剂。 |
| [0049] |
[0049] |
| The term “self-dispersed pigment” includes pigments that have a small molecule, oligomer, or polymer covalently attached to the surface thereof, and does not include pigments with polymer associated therewith, e.g., adsorbed, attracted, etc. |
术语“自分散颜料”包括具有共价连接到其表面的小分子，低聚物或聚合物的颜料，并且不包括具有与其缔合的聚合物（例如吸附，吸引等）的颜料。 |
| The small molecule type of self-dispersed pigment can be prepared, for example, by modifying the pigment or surface of the pigment or by affirmatively attaching a small molecule to the surface thereof. |
小分子类型的自分散颜料可以例如通过改性颜料或颜料的表面或通过将小分子肯定地连接到其表面上来制备。 |
| These self-dispersed pigments can be referred to as “ionized pigments” and often are stabilized primarily by charge stabilization rather than steric stabilization. |
这些自分散颜料可称为“离子化颜料”，并且通常主要通过电荷稳定化而不是空间稳定化来稳定。 |
| The oligomer or polymer type of self-dispersed pigment can be prepared by attaching an oligomer or polymer to the surface, or by generating the polymer at the surface of the pigment, for example. |
低聚物或聚合物类型的自分散颜料可以通过例如将低聚物或聚合物附着到表面上，或通过在颜料表面产生聚合物来制备。 |
| These type of self-dispersed pigments are often are stabilized by charge stabilization and steric stabilization. |
这些类型的自分散颜料通常通过电荷稳定化和空间稳定化来稳定。 |
| Often with these type of pigments, even when the charge is neutralized, they can still remain stable due to the steric stabilization properties. |
通常对于这些类型的颜料，即使当电荷被中和时，由于空间稳定性质，它们仍然可以保持稳定。 |
| [0050] |
[0050] |
| Color “saturation” refers to the intensity of color, expressed by the degree from which it differs from white. |
颜色“饱和度”是指颜色的强度，由其与白色不同的程度表示。 |
| It can be expressed as C/L*. |
它可以表示为C/L *。 |
| Notably, saturation relates to color. |
值得注意的是，饱和度与颜色有关。 |
| However, in accordance with examples of the present disclosure, when a black self-dispersed pigment is used, “optical density” (OD) rather than color saturation can be used to describe the increased intensity. |
然而，根据本公开的实例，当使用黑色自分散颜料时，可以使用“光密度”（OD ）而不是颜色饱和度来描述增加的强度。 |
| Thus, examples and discussion herein related to color saturation may also be relevant to black optical density, and vice versa. |
因此，本文中涉及色彩饱和度的实例和论述也可与黑色光密度相关，且反之亦然。 |
| Any disclosure related to color saturation should be read to include black optical density (for black inks), and vice versa, whether explicitly stated so in a specific context or not. |
与色彩饱和度相关的任何公开内容应被理解为包括黑色光密度（对于黑色墨水），反之亦然，无论是否在特定的上下文中明确指出。 |
| [0051] |
[0051] |
| Converting molar concentration to weight percent includes taking into account the molecular weight of the monovalent salt and the density of the liquid ink. |
将摩尔浓度转换成重量百分比包括考虑单价盐的分子量和液体墨水的密度。 |
| Typically, the density of the ink can be from about 1.04 g/cm3 to about 1.12 g/cm3, or from about 1.06 g/cm3 to about 1.10 g/cm3, or so, depending on the ink formulation. |
典型地，油墨的密度可以是约1.04g/cm3-约1.12g/cm3，或约1.06g/cm3-约1.10g/cm3，依油墨配方而定。 |
| [0052] |
[0052] |
| Notably, there may be some added ingredients that may include some incidental concentrations of monovalent salt that are inherently in the formulation of the additive. |
值得注意的是，可能存在一些添加的成分，这些成分可能包括添加剂的制剂中固有的一些偶然浓度的单价盐。 |
| This monovalent salt is not calculated when determining the molar concentration of the added monovalent salt unless the salt that is already present in an additive is identical to the salt being added to increase the ionic strength. |
当测定加入的单价盐的摩尔浓度时，不计算该单价盐，除非已经存在于添加剂中的盐与加入以增加离子强度的盐相同。 |
| For example, a typical ink composition may inherently include very little monovalent salt brought in with certain added ingredients (sometimes as impurities or for other reasons in small amount), and may typically be present at concentrations less than about 200 ppm. |
例如，典型的油墨组合物可以固有地包括非常少的与某些添加成分（有时作为杂质或出于其它原因少量）一起引入的单价盐，并且通常可以以小于约100ppm的浓度存在。 |
| The low end of the monovalent salt addition range described herein is 0.1 wt %, or 1,000 ppm, so this amount of inherently present monovalent salt often tends to be negligible and can be essentially ignored when formulating. |
本文所述的单价盐添加范围的下限为0.1%重量，或1，000ppm，因此固有存在的单价盐的此量通常倾向于可忽略并且在配制时可基本上忽略。 |
| [0053] |
[0053] |
| As used herein, the term “about” is used to provide flexibility to a numerical range endpoint by providing that a given value may be “a little above” or “a little below” the endpoint. |
如本文所用，术语“约”用于通过规定给定值可以“略高于”或“略低于”端点为数值范围端点提供灵活性。 |
| The degree of flexibility of this term can be dictated by the particular variable and would be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to determine based on experience and the associated description herein. |
该术语的灵活度可以由特定变量规定，并且将在本领域技术人员的知识范围内，以基于经验和这里的相关描述来确定。 |
| [0054] |
[0054] |
| As used herein, a plurality of items, structural elements, compositional elements, and/or materials may be presented in a common list for convenience. |
如本文所用，为方便起见，多个项目，结构要素，组成要素和/或材料可呈现在共同列表中。 |
| However, these lists should be construed as though each member of the list is individually identified as a separate and unique member. |
然而，这些列表应当被解释为好像该列表的每个成员被单独地标识为单独且唯一的成员。 |
| Thus, no individual member of such list should be construed as a de facto equivalent of any other member of the same list solely based on their presentation in a common group without indications to the contrary. |
因此，该列表中的任何单个成员都不应当被解释为实际上等同于同一列表中的任何其它成员，这仅仅是基于它们在共同的组中的呈现而没有相反的指示。 |
| [0055] |
[0055] |
| Concentrations, dimensions, amounts, and other numerical data may be presented herein in a range format. |
浓度，尺寸，量和其它数值数据在本文中可以以范围格式给出。 |
| It is to be understood that such range format is used merely for convenience and brevity and should be interpreted flexibly to include not only the numerical values explicitly recited as the limits of the range, but also to include all the individual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly recited. |
应当理解，这样的范围形式仅仅是为了方便和简洁而使用的，并且应当被灵活地解释为不仅包括作为范围的界限明确列举的数值，而且包括包含在该范围内的所有单个数值或子范围，如同每个数值和子范围被明确列举。 |
| For example, a weight ratio range of about 1 wt % to about 20 wt % should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly recited limits of about 1 wt % and about 20 wt %, but also to include individual weights such as 2 wt %, 11 wt %, 14 wt %, and sub-ranges such as 10 wt % to 20 wt %, 5 wt % to 15 wt %, etc. |
例如，约1%重量至约20%重量的重量比范围应解释为不仅包括明确列举的约1%重量和约20%重量的限制，而且包括单个重量如2%重量，11%重量，14%重量，以及子范围如10%重量至20%重量，5%重量至15%重量等。 |
| [0056] |
[0056] |
| When referring to an increase or improvement in performance, the increase or improvement is based on printing using Staples Office Copy Paper as the print medium, which was available at the time of filing of the disclosure in the United States Patent and Trademark Office. |
当提到性能的提高或改进时，该提高或改进基于使用书钉办公室复印纸作为打印介质的打印，其在美国专利和商标局提交本公开时可获得。 |
| EXAMPLES |
实施例 |
| [0057] |
[0057] |
| The following examples illustrate the technology of the present disclosure. |
以下实施例说明本公开的技术。 |
| However, it is to be understood that the following is only exemplary or illustrative of the application of the principles of the presented formulations and methods. |
然而，应当理解，以下仅是所提出的制剂和方法的原理的应用的示例或说明。 |
| Numerous modifications and alternative methods may be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. |
在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下，本领域技术人员可以设计出许多修改和替代方法。 |
| The appended claims are intended to cover such modifications and arrangements. |
所附权利要求书旨在这些修改和安排。 |
| Thus, while the technology has been described above with particularity, the following provide further detail in connection with what are presently deemed to be certain acceptable examples. |
因此，虽然上面已经具体描述了该技术，但是下面结合目前被认为是某些可接受的例子提供了进一步的细节。 |
| Example 1-Preparation of Ink Compositions |
实施例1-油墨组合物的制备 |
| [0058] |
[0058] |
| Twelve (12) black ink compositions were prepared in accordance with Table 1 below. |
根据下表1制备十二（12）种黑色油墨组合物。 |
| All twelve inks used the same self-dispersed pigment (ionized carbon black pigment) and liquid vehicle components at the indicated concentrations. |
所有12种油墨使用相同的自分散颜料（离子化炭黑颜料）和指定浓度的液体载体组分。 |
| However, six inks were prepared without the acidic polymeric binder particles (polyurethane) and six inks were prepared with a small concentration of the acidic polymeric binder particles. |
然而，制备了六种不含酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒（聚氨酯）的油墨和六种含低浓度酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒的油墨。 |
| Five samples from each type of ink (five with polyurethane and five without polyurethane) were further modified with the addition of incrementally increasing concentrations of potassium chloride, ranging from 0.1 wt % to 0.5 wt %, namely 0 wt %, 0.1 wt %, 0.2 wt %, 0.3 wt %, 0.4 wt %, and 0.5 wt %. |
通过添加递增浓度的氯化钾（范围从0.1wt%至0.5wt%，即0wt%，0.1wt%，0.2wt%，0.3wt%，0.4wt%和0.5wt%）进一步改性来自每种类型的油墨的五个样品（五个具有聚氨酯和五个不具有聚氨酯）。 |
| Thus, the weight ratio of the self-dispersed pigment to monovalent salt content for ink compositions with added monovalent salt ranged from 8:8:1 (with 4.4 wt % self-dispersed pigment and 0.5 wt % monovalent salt) to 44:1 (with 4.4 wt % self-dispersed pigment and 0.1 wt % monovalent salt). |
因此，对于具有添加的单价盐的油墨组合物，自分散颜料与单价盐含量的重量比范围为8：8：1（具有4.4wt%自分散颜料和0.5wt%单价盐）至44：1（具有4.4wt%自分散颜料和0.1wt%单价盐）。 |
| Additionally, one sample from each group remained as formulated without the addition monovalent salt. |
另外，来自各组的一个样品保持配制状态而不添加单价盐。 |
| With the varying concentrations of potassium chloride, the self-dispersed pigment and solvent concentrations were held constant. |
随着氯化钾浓度的变化，自分散颜料和溶剂的浓度保持恒定。 |
| The general formulation used to prepare these inks is shown in Table 1, as follows: |
用于制备这些油墨的一般配方如下表1所示： |
| [0000] |
[0000] |
| TABLE 1 |
表1 |
| Ink Compositions |
油墨组合物 |
| Ingredient |
成分 |
| Class |
类 |
| Weight % |
重量% |
| 1Dantocol DHE |
1DantocolDHE |
| Organic Co-solvent |
有机助溶剂 |
| 9 |
9 |
| 2-Pyrrolidone |
2-吡咯烷酮 |
| Organic Co-solvent |
有机助溶剂 |
| 12 |
12 |
| 5 |
5 |
| 2Surfynol 465 |
465 |
| Surfactant |
表面活性剂 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 2 |
2 |
| 3Acticide B20 |
3杀细菌剂B20 |
| Biocide |
杀生物剂 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 2 |
2 |
| Lithium Hydroxide |
氢氧化锂 |
| Decap Controlling Additive |
解封控制添加剂 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 12 |
12 |
| Oleic Acid |
油酸 |
| Decap Controlling Additive |
解封控制添加剂 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 7 |
7 |
| Potassium Chloride |
氯化钾 |
| Monovalent Salt |
单价盐 |
| 0 to 0.5 |
0至0.5 |
| 4Polyurethane Binder |
4聚氨酯粘合剂 |
| Acidic Polymeric |
酸性聚合物 |
| 0 or 0.12 |
0或0.12 |
| Binder Particles |
粘合剂颗粒 |
| Self-dispersed |
自分散 |
| Colorant |
着色剂 |
| 4 |
4 |
| 4 |
4 |
| Carbon Black Pigment |
炭黑颜料 |
| Water |
水 |
| Solvent |
溶剂 |
| Balance |
天平 |
| 1available from Lonza, Inc., Allendale, New Jersey; |
1购自Lonza ，Inc.，Allendale ，NewJersey ； |
| 2available from Air Products and Chemicals Inc., Pennsylvania; |
2购自AirProductsandChemicalsInc.，Pennsylvania ； |
| 3available from Thor Specialties Inc., Connecticut; |
3购自ThorSpecialtiesInc.，Connecticut ； |
| and |
和 |
| 4Average Particle Size = - 5 nm to 10 nm; |
4平均粒径=-5nm至10nm； |
| Acid Number = - 55. |
酸值=-55。 |
| Example 2-Black Optical Density |
实施例2-黑色光密度 |
| [0059] |
[0059] |
| Each of the twelve (12) inks prepared in accordance with Example 1 was printed on two types of uncoated cellulose-based fibrous paper (non-ColorLok® media) at 60 ng/300th, and then measured for black optical density. |
将根据实施例1制备的十二（12）种油墨中的每一种以60ng/300th印刷在两种类型的未涂布的纤维素基纤维纸（非ColorLok ®介质）上，然后测量黑色光密度。 |
| Generally, it was found that as the potassium chloride concentration was increased within a relatively low concentration range from 0.1 w % to 0.5 wt % (e.g., weight ratio of self-dispersed pigment to monovalent salt from 8.8:1 to 44:1), the optical density of the black ink generally increased, with just two exceptions, but still the trend remained upward. |
通常，发现当氯化钾浓度在0.1w%-0.5wt%的相对低浓度范围内增加时（例如，自分散颜料与一价盐的重量比为8.8：1-44：1），黑色油墨的光密度通常增加，仅有两个例外，但是仍然保持向上的趋势。 |
| In other words, this data demonstrates how salt addition in relatively small concentrations improved optical density while keeping the bulk dispersion of the ink composition stable enough so that the pigment did not crash in the ink container. |
换句话说，该数据证明了以相对小的浓度加入盐如何提高光密度，同时保持油墨组合物的本体分散足够稳定，使得颜料不会在油墨容器中碰撞。 |
| The best results were achieved at from 0.3 wt % to 0.5 wt % monovalent salt (e.g., weight ratio of self-dispersed pigment to monovalent salt from 8.8:1 to 14.66:1), with similar results expected to be achievable in this example by adding up to about 0.75 wt % monovalent salt (e.g., weight ratio of self-dispersed pigment to monovalent salt from about 5.86:1 to 14.66:1). |
在0.3wt%-0.5wt%的一价盐（例如，自分散颜料与一价盐的重量比为8.8：1-14.66：1）下获得最佳结果，在该实施例中通过加入至多约0.75wt%的一价盐（例如，自分散颜料与一价盐的重量比为约5.86：1-14.66：1）预期可获得类似的结果。 |
| Furthermore, without added monovalent, the polyurethane (acidic polymeric binder particles) had a generally negative impact on optical density. |
此外，在不单价加入的情况下，聚氨酯（酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒）通常对光密度具有负面影响。 |
| Thus, even though the acidic polymeric binder particles had a negative impact on optical density along, surprisingly, when included in conjunction with the monovalent salt, the improvements in optical density were not significantly impacted, and in some cases, the optical density even improved. |
因此，即使酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒对光密度具有负面影响，令人惊讶的是，当与单价盐一起包含时，光密度的改善没有受到显著影响，并且在一些情况下，光密度甚至得到改善。 |
| The data related to this study is provided numerically in Tables 2 and 3, as well as graphically in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. |
与该研究相关的数据分别在表2和3以及图2和3中以数字形式提供。 |
| [0000] |
[0000] |
| TABLE 2 |
表2 |
| Optical Density on Georgia Pacific Spectrum Paper (GP) |
Georgia Pacific SpectrumPaper （GP ）的光密度） |
| Monovalent Salt |
单价盐 |
| KOD Without Acidic |
无酸性的KOD |
| KOD With Acidic |
具有酸性的KOD |
| Ink |
油墨 |
| Concentration |
浓缩 |
| Polymeric Binder |
聚合物粘合剂 |
| Polymeric Binder |
聚合物粘合剂 |
| Sample |
样品 |
| (KCl Wt %) |
（KCl 重量%） |
| Particles |
颗粒 |
| Particles |
颗粒 |
| 1 |
1 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 57 |
57 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 6 |
6 |
| 2 |
2 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 92 |
92 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 72 |
72 |
| 3 |
3 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 2 |
2 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 102 |
102 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 54 |
54 |
| 4 |
4 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 3 |
3 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 96 |
96 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 106 |
106 |
| 5 |
5 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 4 |
4 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 97 |
97 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 116 |
116 |
| 6 |
6 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 5 |
5 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 103 |
103 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 85 |
85 |
| [0000] |
[0000] |
| TABLE 3 |
表3 |
| Optical Density on Hammermill Great |
Hammermill 大厦的光学密度 |
| White 30 % Recycled Paper (GW30) |
白色30%再生纸（GW30） |
| Monovalent Salt |
单价盐 |
| KOD Without |
无KOD |
| KOD With Acidic |
具有酸性的KOD |
| Ink |
油墨 |
| Concentration |
浓缩 |
| Acidic Polymeric |
酸性聚合物 |
| Polymeric Binder |
聚合物粘合剂 |
| Sample |
样品 |
| (KCl Wt %) |
（KCl 重量%） |
| Binder Particles |
粘合剂颗粒 |
| particles |
颗粒 |
| 1 |
1 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 115 |
115 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 59 |
59 |
| 2 |
2 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 80 |
80 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 92 |
92 |
| 3 |
3 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 2 |
2 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 150 |
150 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 124 |
124 |
| 4 |
4 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 3 |
3 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 166 |
166 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 173 |
173 |
| 5 |
5 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 4 |
4 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 165 |
165 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 174 |
174 |
| 6 |
6 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 5 |
5 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 186 |
186 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 192 |
192 |
| [0060] |
[0060] |
| As can be seen from Tables 2 and 3 above, as well as FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively, the optical density for black inks with electrostatically dispersed pigments (ionized carbon black pigment) can be increased on various types of porous media by adding small concentrations of monovalent salt, e.g. potassium chloride in this example. |
从上面的表2和3以及图2和3可以分别看出，通过加入低浓度的一价盐，例如本实施例中的氯化钾，在各种类型的多孔介质上可以增加具有静电分散颜料（离子化炭黑颜料）的黑色油墨的光密度。 |
| Likewise, the data indicated that by adding acidic polymeric binder particles, e.g., polyurethane particles, alone (without adding monovalent salt), the optical density is fairly significantly reduced, e.g., reduced by 0.051 on GP and by 0.056 on GW30. |
同样，数据表明，通过单独添加酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒，例如聚氨酯颗粒（不添加单价盐），光密度显著降低，例如在GP 上降低0.051，在GW30上降低0.056。 |
| Surprisingly, similar drops in optical density were not present when the same acidic polymeric binder particles were added to inks with the added monovalent salt. |
令人惊讶的是，当将相同的酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒与所添加的一价盐一起添加到油墨中时，不存在类似的光密度下降。 |
| In fact, the gap or difference (A) between the generally improved black optical density that was realized by adding monovalent salt compared to the same inks which also included the polyurethane was reduced in every instance. |
事实上，与也包括聚氨酯的相同油墨相比，通过添加单价盐实现的通常改进的黑色光密度之间的差距或差异（A ）在每种情况下都减小。 |
| Furthermore, in some instances, the presence of the polyurethane polymeric binder actually further improved the optical density. |
此外，在一些情况下，聚氨酯聚合物粘合剂的存在实际上进一步提高了光密度。 |
| Thus, even though the acidic polymeric binder particles added alone were initially shown to significantly diminish black optical density, when combined with monovalent salt at appropriate concentrations, the acidic polymeric binder particles did not have as significant of a negative impact on the optical density, and in some instances, had very little or even an improved impact on optical density. |
因此，即使单独加入的酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒最初显示出显著降低黑色光密度，当与适当浓度的一价盐结合时，酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒对光密度没有显著的负面影响，并且在一些情况下，对光密度具有非常小的甚至改善的影响。 |
| Example 3-Zeta Potential |
实施例3-ζ电势 |
| [0061] |
[0061] |
| The twelve (12) ink compositions prepared in accordance with Example 1 were tested for Zeta potential to assess the effect of the monovalent salt on charge stability of the self-dispersed pigment in the various ink compositions. |
测试根据实施例1制备的十二（12）种油墨组合物的Zeta 电位，以评价一价盐对各种油墨组合物中自分散颜料的电荷稳定性的影响。 |
| Generally, as the Zeta potential increases (becoming less negative) and approaching zero (0), the charge stabilization of the self-dispersed pigment decreases. |
通常，当Zeta 电位增加（负性变小）并接近零（0）时，自分散颜料的电荷稳定性降低。 |
| The Zeta potential data is shown in Table 4 below and in FIG. 4. |
ζ电势数据示于下表4和图4中。 |
| [0062] |
[0062] |
| By comparing the Zeta potential data to the optical density data described in Example 2, a general trend of increased (less negative) Zeta potential often relates to improved optical density (when comparing ink compositions with similar ingredients). |
通过将Zeta 电位数据与实施例2中所述的光密度数据进行比较，增加的（较低的负）Zeta 电位的一般趋势通常涉及改进的光密度（当比较具有类似成分的油墨组合物时）。 |
| For example, the correlation of Zeta potential and optical density is not always a direct correlation. |
例如，ζ电势和光密度的相关性不总是直接相关。 |
| For example, when the acidic polymeric binder particles are added to the ink composition, the Zeta potential does become less negative, but in some instances, the optical density decreases. |
例如，当将酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒加入到油墨组合物中时，ζ电势的负值变小，但是在一些情况下，光密度降低。 |
| This is likely due to the fact that the acidic polymeric binder particles may interact with the self-dispersed pigment in a stabilizing manner, thus sometimes slightly diminishing optical density improvements generated by the monovalent salt. |
这可能是由于以下事实：酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒可以以稳定的方式与自分散颜料相互作用，因此有时略微降低由单价盐产生的光密度改善。 |
| In examples of the present disclosure, when formulating an ink composition with both monovalent salt and acidic polymeric binder particles, consideration of the monovalent salt concentration along with the Zeta potential data can provide some predictability related to optical density improvement. |
在本公开的实例中，当配制具有单价盐和酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒两者的油墨组合物时，考虑单价盐浓度以及Zeta 电位数据可提供与光密度改善相关的一些可预测性。 |
| In other words, the Zeta potential data can be useful in predicting saturation or optical density improvement when comparing ink compositions that include both monovalent salt and the same acidic polymeric binder, and not so much when comparing an ink with acidic polymeric binder particles and another ink without (which may be due in part to the interaction of the acidic polymeric binder particles with pigment, for example). |
换句话说，当比较包含一价盐和相同酸性聚合物粘合剂的油墨组合物时，Zeta 电位数据可用于预测饱和或光密度改善，而当比较具有酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒的油墨和不具有酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒的另一种油墨时（这可能部分是由于例如酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒与颜料的相互作用），Zeta 电位数据不能太大。 |
| In examples of the present disclosure, ink compositions with self-dispersed pigment, acidic polymeric binder particles, and monovalent salt having a zeta potential range of −30 mV to −5 mV, or from −25 mV to −10 mV, can provide desirable optical density. |
在本公开的实施例中，具有自分散颜料，酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒和ζ电位范围为−30mV至−5mV或−25mV至−10mV的一价盐的油墨组合物可提供所需的光密度。 |
| [0000] |
[0000] |
| TABLE 4 |
表4 |
| Zeta Potential |
Zeta 电位 |
| Zeta Potential (mV) |
ζ电位（mV ） |
| Monovalent Salt |
单价盐 |
| Without Acidic |
无酸性 |
| Zeta Potential (mV) |
ζ电位（mV ） |
| Ink |
油墨 |
| Concentration |
浓缩 |
| Polymeric Binder |
聚合物粘合剂 |
| With Acidic Polymeric |
与酸性聚合物 |
| Sample |
样品 |
| (KCl Wt %) |
（KCl 重量%） |
| Particles |
颗粒 |
| Binder Particles |
粘合剂颗粒 |
| 1 |
1 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| −45 |
−45 |
| −35 |
−35 |
| 2 |
2 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 1 |
1 |
| −43 |
−43 |
| −27 |
−27 |
| 3 |
3 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 2 |
2 |
| −36 |
−36 |
| −27 |
−27 |
| 4 |
4 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 3 |
3 |
| −34 |
−34 |
| −22 |
−22 |
| 5 |
5 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 4 |
4 |
| −26 |
−26 |
| −19 |
−19 |
| 6 |
6 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 5 |
5 |
| −16 |
−16 |
| −11 |
−11 |
| Example 4-Self-Dispersed Pigments and Monovalent Salt Weight Ratios |
实施例4-自分散颜料和单价盐重量比 |
| [0063] |
[0063] |
| Three self-dispersed pigments were formulated into ink compositions with Cyan (Cabo-O-Jet® 450C from Cabot Corp.), Magenta (Cabo-O-Jet® 465M from Cabot Corp.), and Yellow (Cab-O-Jet® 470Y from Cabot Corp.). |
将三种自分散颜料配制成具有青色（CabotCorp.的Cabo-O-Jet ®450C），品红色（CabotCorp.的Cabo-O-Jet ®465M）和黄色（CabotCorp.的Cab-O-Jet ®470Y）的油墨组合物。 |
| These inkjet ink compositions were further modified with the addition of different concentrations of monovalent salt, namely sodium nitrate (NaNO3) salt. |
通过加入不同浓度的单价盐，即硝酸钠（NaNO3）盐进一步改性这些喷墨油墨组合物。 |
| Specifically, each ink color was prepared at 0 wt % salt, 0.375 wt % (about 0.05 M) salt, and 0.75 wt % (about 0.1 M) salt. |
具体地，制备0wt%盐，0.375wt%（约0.05M ）盐和0.75wt%（约0.1M ）盐的每种油墨颜色。 |
| These ink composition samples did not include acidic polymeric binder particles, but rather were prepared to more directly compare weight ratios of self-dispersed pigments relative to monovalent salt addition. |
这些油墨组合物样品不包括酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒，而是制备成更直接地比较自分散颜料相对于一价盐添加物的重量比。 |
| Thus, in this example, nine (9) ink samples were prepared from three colors and three salt concentrations. |
因此，在该实施例中，由三种颜色和三种盐浓度制备九（9）种油墨样品。 |
| With the varying concentrations of sodium nitrate, the self-dispersed pigment and solvent concentrations were held constant. |
随着硝酸钠浓度的变化，自分散颜料和溶剂的浓度保持恒定。 |
| The formulation for each of the inks is shown below in Table 5, as follows: |
每种油墨的配方如下表5所示： |
| [0000] |
[0000] |
| TABLE 5 |
表5 |
| Ink Compositions with Incrementally |
增量油墨组合物 |
| Increased NaNO3 Salt Concentration |
提高NaNO3盐浓度 |
| Ingredient |
成分 |
| Class |
类 |
| Weight % |
重量% |
| 2-hyroxylmethyl-2-pyrrolidinone |
2-羟基甲基-2-吡咯烷酮 |
| Solvent |
溶剂 |
| 6 |
6 |
| Sulfolane |
环丁砜 |
| Solvent |
溶剂 |
| 6 |
6 |
| Sorbitol |
山梨醇 |
| Solvent |
溶剂 |
| 20 |
20 |
| Sodium Nitrate |
硝酸钠 |
| Salt |
盐 |
| 0, |
0, |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 375, |
375, |
| or 0.75 |
或0.75 |
| Self-dispersed Pigment |
自分散颜料 |
| Colorant |
着色剂 |
| 3 or 3.5 |
或3.5 |
| Water |
水 |
| Balance |
天平 |
| Note that the Cyan self-dispersed pigment was at 3.0 wt %, the Magenta self-dispersed pigment was at 3.5 wt %, and the Yellow self-dispersed pigment was at 3.5 wt. |
注意，青色自分散颜料为3.0%重量，品红色自分散颜料为3.5%重量，黄色自分散颜料为3.5%重量。 |
| Example 5-Color Saturation |
实施例5-颜色饱和 |
| [0065] |
[0065] |
| Each of the nine (9) inks prepared in accordance with Example 4 was printed as a primary color (CMY) on plain paper at 600 ng/300th, and then measured for color saturation. |
将根据实施例4制备的九（9）种油墨中的每一种作为原色（CMY ）以100ng/300th印刷在普通纸上，然后测量色饱和度。 |
| These three primary inks were also printed as two (2) ink mixtures to generate secondary colors, namely Red (R), Green (G), and Blue (B). |
这三种主要油墨也作为两种（2）油墨混合物印刷以产生次级颜色，即红色（R ），绿色（G ）和蓝色（B ）。 |
| Generally, it was found that as the sodium nitrate concentration was increased within a relatively low concentration range from 0 w % to 0.375 wt % (about 0.05 M) and then to 0.75 wt % (about 0.1 M), the saturation (C/L*) generally increased. |
通常，发现随着硝酸钠浓度在0%重量至0.375%重量（约0.05M ）然后至0.75%重量（约0.1M ）的相对低浓度范围内增加，饱和度（C/L *）通常增加。 |
| In other words, this data demonstrates how salt addition in relatively small concentrations can improve color saturation. |
换句话说，该数据证明了以相对小的浓度添加盐如何能够改善色饱和度。 |
| The data is provided numerically in Table 6. |
数据以数字形式提供在表6中。 |
| [0000] |
[0000] |
| TABLE 6 |
表6 |
| Color Saturation on Staples Office Copy Paper |
书钉办公复印纸的色饱和度 |
| Weight Ratio |
重量比 |
| Saturation at 60 ng/300th |
在60ng/300th饱和 |
| (Pigment:Salt) |
（颜料：盐） |
| Cyan |
青色 |
| Magenta |
洋红 |
| Yellow |
黄色 |
| Wt % Salt |
wt%盐 |
| (CMY) |
（cmy ） |
| (C) |
（c ） |
| (M) |
（m ） |
| (Y) |
（y ） |
| .00 |
.00 |
| - |
- |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 76 |
76 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 85 |
85 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 901 |
901 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 375 |
375 |
| 9 |
9 |
| 33:1 (C) |
33：1（c ） |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 877 |
877 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 91 |
91 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 1 |
1 |
| 8:1 (MY) |
8：1（我的） |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 75 |
75 |
| 4:66:1 (C) |
4：66：1（c ） |
| - |
- |
| 1 |
1 |
| 128 |
128 |
| .00 |
.00 |
| 966 |
966 |
| 4:1 (MY) |
4：1（我的） |
| Note-There is no data for Cyan because at this concentration of monovalent salt, the Cyan ink may have started to crash (as evidenced by nozzle health compromise). |
注-没有青色的数据，因为在该浓度的单价盐下，青色油墨可能已经开始崩溃（如喷嘴健康损害所证明）。 |
| [0067] |
[0067] |
| As can be seen, the trend of saturation can increase as the salt concentration increases, but at some concentration, the crash point may be reached and the self-dispersed pigment may not remain stable in the ink (which may be at about 0.75 wt % for this particular cyan ink). |
可以看出，饱和度的趋势随着盐浓度的增加而增加，但是在一些浓度下，可能达到崩溃点，并且自分散颜料在油墨中可能不保持稳定（对于该特定青色油墨，其可能为约0.75wt%）。 |
| In some examples, by adding acidic polymeric binder particles to the ink formulation, the zeta potential can become less negative, and additional binding properties can be realized. |
在一些实例中，通过将酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒加入到油墨制剂中，ζ电势可以变得更不负，并且可以实现额外的粘合性能。 |
| In other examples, by slightly reducing the concentration of monovalent salt and adding an acidic polymeric binder particles, an ink like the cyan ink may be formulated to not crash while modifying the zeta potential accordingly to provide a saturated printed sample that does not crash in the bulk container, but which may crash upon printing. |
在其它实例中，通过略微降低一价盐的浓度并添加酸性聚合物粘合剂颗粒，可以配制像青色油墨的油墨以在相应地改变ζ电势的同时不碰撞，以提供在大体积容器中不碰撞但在印刷时可能碰撞的饱和印刷样品。 |
| As noted, the weight ratio of self-dispersed pigment to monovalent salt in this example is as low as about 4:1, providing good saturation values for magenta and yellow inks (compared to no added monovalent salt). |
如上所述，在该实施例中自分散颜料与一价盐的重量比低至约4：1，为品红色和黄色油墨提供了良好的饱和值（与没有加入一价盐相比）。 |
| [0068] |
[0068] |
| While the present technology has been described with reference to certain examples, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, changes, omissions, and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. |
虽然已经参考某些实施例描述了本技术，但是本领域技术人员将理解，可以进行各种修改，改变，省略和替换而不背离本公开的精神。 |
| It is intended, therefore, that the disclosure be limited only by the scope of the following claims. |
因此，本发明仅由所附权利要求的范围限定。 |